NXS-GRX · GS-08 · Global sector series
Global Disaster
Multi-hazard exposure, disaster losses and mortality, return-period losses, protection gaps and coping capacity.
Page GRX-SER-GS-08Edition Baseline Edition 2026Evidence close 2026-09-30Subject Nexus ReportsNexus Reports GS-08 (planned)Values not yet publishedSnapshot 31a753f76
FIG 1 · Series at a glance
Domain indices
2
Multi-hazard exposure · Lack of coping capacity
Indicators
202
5 index domains
Hazard families
32
Atmosphere and weather · Water systems · Solid Earth
Methods
116
Catastrophe risk · Hazard science
2
domain indices
202
indicators in scope
6
hazard domains
5
client groups
01Scope
Scope and questions
The subject is the one named by the Nexus Reports programme for this code.
- Where is multi-hazard exposure highest relative to capacity?
- What do 1-in-100 and 1-in-250 losses look like?
- Where is the protection gap widest?
02Construction
Domain indices to the series index
The series index is the expert-weighted geometric mean of its domain indices, with the intervals and class rule of the methodology.
computation
How the Global Disaster index is builtGraph
01Domain indices
02Series index
03Readings
100%
List
- Multi-hazard exposureDomain index · IDX · HAZINFORM-style 0-10 index of natural-hazard exposure: the geophysical, flood and coastal, storm and climatological sub-indices plus the multi-hazard population share, combined by a geometric mean of complements (10 minus each score) so that one severe hazard is not averaged away.
- Lack of coping capacityDomain index · IDX · CRSIndex on a 0-10 scale of the absence of DRR governance, early warning, risk financing and response capacity (each inverted), together with transport and digital connectivity deficits; higher means less able to cope.
- Global Disaster indexSeries index · SERIES · GS-08Multi-hazard exposure, disaster losses and mortality, return-period losses, protection gaps and coping capacity.
- Country readingsOutput · OUTPUT · 195 profilesPublished with intervals and classes when the edition is released.
- Regional readingsOutput · OUTPUT · 5 regionsPublished with intervals and classes when the edition is released.
- Global readingOutput · OUTPUT · population or exposure weightedPublished with intervals and classes when the edition is released.
Not runIn progressDone
03Indices
Domain indices in this series
NXS-GRX · GS-08 · 195 profiles · 0–10 scale
Global Disaster index, world
—
Values publish with the edition; the interval, class and change appear here.
| Index | Value | Change | Change % | 90% interval | Class · probability | Trend | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multi-hazard exposureNXS-GRX · HAZ | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Lack of coping capacityNXS-GRX · CRS | — | — | — | — | — |
Domains read: Hazard and exposure, Coping capacity and resilience, Infrastructure, Social and human development, Fiscal and public debt.
04Indicators
202 indicators in scope
Every indicator whose primary or secondary domain is in scope, with unit, levels and crosswalks to source code lists.
FIG 3 · Indicators in scope, by domain and sub-domain
| Indicator | Domain | Sub-domain | Component | Unit | Levels | Crosswalks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short-term external debt, share of reservesIND.MAC.external.short_term_debt_to_reserves | MAC | External balance and reserves | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI DT.DOD.DSTC.IR.ZS |
| External debt stocks, share of GNIIND.MAC.external.external_debt.gni | MAC | External balance and reserves | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS |
| Unemployment rateIND.MAC.labour.unemployment_rate | MAC | Labour market | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS SDG 8.5.2 ILO UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT |
| General government overall balance, share of GDPIND.FIS.balance.overall_balance.gdp | FIS | Fiscal balance | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | IMF_WEO GGXCNL_NGDP WB_WDI GC.NLD.TOTL.GD.ZS |
| General government primary balance, share of GDPIND.FIS.balance.primary_balance.gdp | FIS | Fiscal balance | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | IMF_WEO GGXONLB_NGDP |
| General government structural balance, share of potential GDPIND.FIS.balance.structural_balance.potgdp | FIS | Fiscal balance | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | IMF_WEO GGSB_NPGDP |
| Interest-rate-growth differential (r - g)IND.FIS.balance.interest_growth_differential | FIS | Fiscal balance | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| General government revenue, current US dollarsIND.FIS.revenue.total.usd | FIS | Revenue | context | [USD] | COUNTRY | IMF_GFS 1 |
| General government revenue, share of GDPIND.FIS.revenue.total.gdp | FIS | Revenue | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | IMF_WEO GGR_NGDP SDG 17.1.1 WB_WDI GC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS |
| Tax revenue, share of GDPIND.FIS.revenue.tax.gdp | FIS | Revenue | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS IMF_GFS 11 |
| Tax effort (actual over estimated tax capacity)IND.FIS.revenue.tax_effort | FIS | Revenue | adaptive capacity | 1 | COUNTRY | |
| Natural-resource revenue, share of general government revenueIND.FIS.revenue.resource_revenue_share | FIS | Revenue | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| General government expenditure, share of GDPIND.FIS.expenditure.total.gdp | FIS | Expenditure | context | % | COUNTRY | IMF_WEO GGX_NGDP WB_WDI GC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS |
| Rigid expenditure, share of revenueIND.FIS.expenditure.rigid_share.revenue | FIS | Expenditure | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Interest payments, share of revenueIND.FIS.expenditure.interest.revenue | FIS | Expenditure | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI GC.XPN.INTP.RV.ZS |
| General government gross debt, share of GDPIND.FIS.debt.gross_debt.gdp | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | IMF_WEO GGXWDG_NGDP WB_WDI GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS |
| General government net debt, share of GDPIND.FIS.debt.net_debt.gdp | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | IMF_WEO GGXWDN_NGDP |
| Foreign-currency share of general government debtIND.FIS.debt.fx_share | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Short-term share of general government debt (residual maturity)IND.FIS.debt.short_term_share | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Average time to maturity of general government debtIND.FIS.debt.average_maturity | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | a | COUNTRY | |
| Non-resident holdings of general government debtIND.FIS.debt.nonresident_share | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Concessional share of public external debtIND.FIS.debt.concessional_share | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI DT.DOD.ALLC.ZS |
| Present value of public external debt, share of GDPIND.FIS.debt.external_ppg_pv.gdp | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI DT.DOD.PVLX.GN.ZS |
| Present value of public external debt, share of exportsIND.FIS.debt.external_ppg_pv.exports | FIS | Debt stock and composition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI DT.DOD.PVLX.EX.ZS |
| Public gross financing needs, share of GDPIND.FIS.financing.gross_financing_needs.gdp | FIS | Gross financing needs | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Public external debt service, share of revenueIND.FIS.financing.external_ppg_debt_service.revenue | FIS | Gross financing needs | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Public external debt service, share of exportsIND.FIS.financing.external_ppg_debt_service.exports | FIS | Gross financing needs | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI DT.TDS.DPPG.XP.ZS SDG 17.4.1 |
| Sovereign bond spread over benchmarkIND.FIS.financing.sovereign_spread | FIS | Gross financing needs | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Five-year sovereign credit default swap spreadIND.FIS.financing.sovereign_cds_5y | FIS | Gross financing needs | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Debt of non-financial public corporations, share of GDPIND.FIS.contingent.soe_debt.gdp | FIS | Contingent liabilities | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Outstanding government guarantees, share of GDPIND.FIS.contingent.guarantees.gdp | FIS | Contingent liabilities | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Expected annual fiscal cost of disasters, share of GDPIND.FIS.contingent.disaster_fiscal_cost.gdp | FIS | Contingent liabilities | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| LIC-DSF composite indicator score (published, reference)IND.FIS.capacity.lic_dsf_composite_indicator | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | |
| LIC-DSF threshold: PV of external debt to GDP (reference)IND.FIS.capacity.lic_dsf_threshold.pv_ext_gdp | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | context | % | COUNTRY | |
| LIC-DSF threshold: PV of external debt to exports (reference)IND.FIS.capacity.lic_dsf_threshold.pv_ext_exports | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | context | % | COUNTRY | |
| LIC-DSF threshold: external debt service to exports (reference)IND.FIS.capacity.lic_dsf_threshold.ds_ext_exports | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | context | % | COUNTRY | |
| LIC-DSF threshold: external debt service to revenue (reference)IND.FIS.capacity.lic_dsf_threshold.ds_ext_revenue | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | context | % | COUNTRY | |
| LIC-DSF benchmark: PV of total public debt to GDP (reference)IND.FIS.capacity.lic_dsf_threshold.pv_public_gdp | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | context | % | COUNTRY | |
| LIC-DSF risk of debt distress, as published (reference)IND.FIS.capacity.lic_dsf_risk_published | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | context | {class} | COUNTRY | |
| SRDSF overall risk of sovereign stress, as published (reference)IND.FIS.capacity.srdsf_risk_published | FIS | Debt-carrying capacity | context | {class} | COUNTRY | |
| Bank claims on general government, share of bank assetsIND.FIN.asset_quality.sovereign_exposure | FIN | Asset quality | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | IMF_FSI FSASDG_PT |
| Household debt, share of GDPIND.FIN.depth.household_debt.gdp | FIN | Financial depth and inclusion | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | IMF_FSI FSHG_PT |
| Account ownership, adultsIND.FIN.depth.account_ownership | FIN | Financial depth and inclusion | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI FX.OWN.TOTL.ZS SDG 8.10.2 |
| Insurance penetration (premiums to GDP)IND.FIN.nbfi.insurance_penetration | FIN | Non-bank financial intermediation | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI GFDD.DI.09 WB_WDI GFDD.DI.10 |
| Natural-catastrophe protection gapIND.FIN.nbfi.nat_cat_protection_gap | FIN | Non-bank financial intermediation | vulnerability | % | REGION, COUNTRY | |
| Bank lending exposed to high physical climate riskIND.FIN.climate_finance.physical_risk_lending | FIN | Climate-related financial exposure | exposure | % | COUNTRY | |
| Net official development assistance received, share of GNIIND.ECO.trade.oda_dependence.gni | ECO | Trade | exposure | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI DT.ODA.ODAT.GN.ZS |
| Natural-resource rents, share of GDPIND.ECO.concentration.natural_resource_rents.gdp | ECO | Export and import concentration | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI NY.GDP.TOTL.RT.ZS |
| Seaborne trade exposed to maritime chokepointsIND.ECO.supply_chain.chokepoint_exposure | ECO | Supply-chain exposure | exposure | % | COUNTRY | |
| Change in very hot days (35 °C or more)IND.CLI.physical_acute.hot_days_change | CLI | Acute climate extremes | hazard | d/a | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID | |
| Assets vulnerable to climate-related physical risks, shareIND.CLI.physical_acute.physical_risk_vulnerable_assets.share | CLI | Acute climate extremes | exposure | % | SITE, PORTFOLIO | IFRS_S2 29(c) |
| Projected relative sea-level riseIND.CLI.projection.projected_sea_level_rise | CLI | Scenario projections | hazard | m | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, SITE | |
| Population below the future 100-year coastal flood level, shareIND.CLI.projection.slr_coastal_population_exposed.share | CLI | Scenario projections | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | WB_WDI EN.POP.EL5M.ZS |
| Fossil-fuel rents, share of GDPIND.CLI.transition.fossil_fuel_rents.gdp | CLI | Transition exposure | exposure | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI NY.GDP.PETR.RT.ZS WB_WDI NY.GDP.NGAS.RT.ZS WB_WDI NY.GDP.COAL.RT.ZS |
| Explicit fossil-fuel subsidies, share of GDPIND.CLI.transition.fossil_fuel_subsidies.gdp | CLI | Transition exposure | exposure | % | COUNTRY | |
| National adaptation plan submittedIND.CLI.adaptation.nap_submitted | CLI | Adaptation readiness | adaptive capacity | {bool} | COUNTRY | SDG 13.2.1 |
| Social readiness for adaptationIND.CLI.adaptation.social_readiness | CLI | Adaptation readiness | adaptive capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | ND_GAIN social |
| International adaptation finance received per capitaIND.CLI.adaptation.adaptation_finance_received.pc | CLI | Adaptation readiness | adaptive capacity | [USD] | COUNTRY | |
| Population exposed to two or more major hazards, shareIND.HAZ.multi.multi_hazard_exposure.share | HAZ | Multi-hazard | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | INFORM HA.NAT |
| Multi-hazard average annual loss, share of GDPIND.HAZ.multi.aal.gdp | HAZ | Multi-hazard | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, PORTFOLIO | |
| Multi-hazard average annual loss, share of produced capital stockIND.HAZ.multi.aal.capital_stock | HAZ | Multi-hazard | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, PORTFOLIO | |
| Probable maximum loss at 250-year return period, share of GDPIND.HAZ.multi.pml_rp250.gdp | HAZ | Multi-hazard | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, PORTFOLIO | |
| Peak ground acceleration at 475-year return periodIND.HAZ.seismic.pga_rp475 | HAZ | Seismic and volcanic | hazard | [g] | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 GH0101 INFORM HA.NAT.EQ |
| People exposed to strong earthquake shaking, annual averageIND.HAZ.seismic.eq_population_exposed | HAZ | Seismic and volcanic | exposure | {persons} | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID | INFORM EX_EQ_MMI8 |
| People exposed to strong earthquake shaking, share of populationIND.HAZ.seismic.eq_population_exposed.share | HAZ | Seismic and volcanic | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | |
| Earthquake average annual loss, share of GDPIND.HAZ.seismic.eq_aal.gdp | HAZ | Seismic and volcanic | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, PORTFOLIO | |
| Population within 30 km of a Holocene volcanoIND.HAZ.seismic.volcano_population_30km | HAZ | Seismic and volcanic | exposure | {persons} | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 GH0203 |
| Probability of damaging volcanic ash fall in 100 yearsIND.HAZ.seismic.ash_fall_probability | HAZ | Seismic and volcanic | hazard | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 GH0202 EMDAT nat-geo-vol-ash |
| Extreme still-water sea level at 100-year return periodIND.HAZ.coastal.extreme_sea_level_rp100 | HAZ | Coastal and sea level | hazard | m | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0703 EMDAT nat-met-sto-sur |
| Population in the 100-year coastal floodplain, shareIND.HAZ.coastal.coastal_flood_population_exposed.share | HAZ | Coastal and sea level | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | INFORM EX_CFL UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0601 |
| Population below 5 m elevation, shareIND.HAZ.coastal.low_elevation_population.share | HAZ | Coastal and sea level | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | WB_WDI EN.POP.EL5M.ZS |
| Tsunami maximum inundation height at 500-year return periodIND.HAZ.coastal.tsunami_inundation_rp500 | HAZ | Coastal and sea level | hazard | m | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0705 INFORM HA.NAT.TS |
| Population exposed to tsunami, shareIND.HAZ.coastal.tsunami_population_exposed.share | HAZ | Coastal and sea level | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | INFORM EX_TS EMDAT nat-geo-ear-tsu |
| Fluvial flood depth at 100-year return periodIND.HAZ.flood.river_flood_depth_rp100 | HAZ | Flood | hazard | m | ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0604 EMDAT nat-hyd-flo-riv |
| Pluvial and flash flood depth at 100-year return periodIND.HAZ.flood.pluvial_flood_depth_rp100 | HAZ | Flood | hazard | m | ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0603 UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0606 EMDAT nat-hyd-flo-fla |
| People exposed to river flooding, annual averageIND.HAZ.flood.flood_population_exposed | HAZ | Flood | exposure | {persons} | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY | INFORM EX_FL INFORM HA.NAT.FL |
| People exposed to river flooding, share of populationIND.HAZ.flood.flood_population_exposed.share | HAZ | Flood | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY | |
| Flood protection design standardIND.HAZ.flood.flood_protection_standard | HAZ | Flood | coping capacity | a | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, SITE | |
| River flood average annual loss, share of GDPIND.HAZ.flood.flood_aal.gdp | HAZ | Flood | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, PORTFOLIO | |
| Tropical cyclone wind speed at 100-year return periodIND.HAZ.storm.tc_wind_rp100 | HAZ | Tropical and severe storms | hazard | m/s | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0309 INFORM HA.NAT.TC |
| Annual probability of category 1 or stronger cyclone windIND.HAZ.storm.tc_cat1_probability | HAZ | Tropical and severe storms | hazard | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID, SITE | |
| People exposed to category 1 cyclone wind, annual averageIND.HAZ.storm.tc_population_exposed | HAZ | Tropical and severe storms | exposure | {persons} | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | INFORM EX_TC_SS1 |
| People exposed to category 1 cyclone wind, share of populationIND.HAZ.storm.tc_population_exposed.share | HAZ | Tropical and severe storms | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | |
| Tropical cyclone average annual loss, share of GDPIND.HAZ.storm.tc_aal.gdp | HAZ | Tropical and severe storms | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, PORTFOLIO | |
| Large-hail days per yearIND.HAZ.storm.large_hail_days | HAZ | Tropical and severe storms | hazard | d/a | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID, SITE | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0404 EMDAT nat-met-sto-hai |
| Days with severe-thunderstorm environmentsIND.HAZ.storm.severe_convective_days | HAZ | Tropical and severe storms | hazard | d/a | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0103 EMDAT nat-met-sto-sev |
| Frequency of severe meteorological droughtIND.HAZ.drought.spei_drought_frequency | HAZ | Drought | hazard | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0401 INFORM HA.NAT.DR |
| Frequency of agricultural drought stressIND.HAZ.drought.agricultural_stress_frequency | HAZ | Drought | hazard | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | INFORM ASI |
| People affected by drought, annual average shareIND.HAZ.drought.drought_affected.share | HAZ | Drought | impact | % | COUNTRY | INFORM AFF_DR EMDAT nat-cli-dro-dro |
| Days of dangerous humid heat per yearIND.HAZ.heat.dangerous_heat_days | HAZ | Extreme heat | hazard | d/a | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0501 |
| Heatwave exposure events per personIND.HAZ.heat.heatwave_person_days | HAZ | Extreme heat | exposure | d/a | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | |
| Population exposed to extreme heat, shareIND.HAZ.heat.heat_population_exposed.share | HAZ | Extreme heat | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | |
| Extreme fire-weather days per yearIND.HAZ.wildfire.extreme_fire_weather_days | HAZ | Wildfire | hazard | d/a | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | |
| Annual burned area, share of land areaIND.HAZ.wildfire.burned_area.share | HAZ | Wildfire | hazard | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 EN0205 EMDAT nat-cli-wil-wil |
| Population in the wildland-urban interface, shareIND.HAZ.wildfire.wui_population.share | HAZ | Wildfire | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | |
| Population in high landslide susceptibility zones, shareIND.HAZ.landslide.landslide_susceptible_population.share | HAZ | Landslide | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 GH0300 |
| Fatal landslide deaths per 100,000, annual averageIND.HAZ.landslide.fatal_landslide_rate | HAZ | Landslide | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | EMDAT nat-hyd-mmw-lan |
| Population near major-hazard industrial sites, shareIND.HAZ.technological.major_hazard_site_population.share | HAZ | Technological | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 TL0304 UNDRR_HIPS_2025 TL0309 |
| Population within 30 km of an operating nuclear reactorIND.HAZ.technological.nuclear_population_30km | HAZ | Technological | exposure | {persons} | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 TL0208 |
| Industrial accident deaths per 100,000, annual averageIND.HAZ.technological.industrial_accident_deaths | HAZ | Technological | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY | EMDAT tec-ind-ind-ind |
| Built-up surface areaIND.HAZ.exposure.built_up_area | HAZ | Exposure | context | km2 | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| Produced capital stockIND.HAZ.exposure.capital_stock | HAZ | Exposure | context | [USD] | COUNTRY, ADM1, PORTFOLIO | |
| Built-up area in high-hazard zonesIND.HAZ.exposure.built_up_exposed | HAZ | Exposure | exposure | km2 | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| Built-up area in high-hazard zones, shareIND.HAZ.exposure.built_up_exposed.share | HAZ | Exposure | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY | |
| GDP generated in high-hazard zones, shareIND.HAZ.exposure.gdp_exposed.share | HAZ | Exposure | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | |
| Disaster deaths and missing persons per 100,000IND.HAZ.loss.deaths_missing_rate | HAZ | Losses and impacts | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI A-1 SDG 1.5.1 |
| People directly affected by disasters per 100,000IND.HAZ.loss.directly_affected_rate | HAZ | Losses and impacts | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI B-1 SDG 1.5.1 |
| Direct economic loss from disasters, share of GDPIND.HAZ.loss.direct_economic_loss.gdp | HAZ | Losses and impacts | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI C-1 SDG 1.5.2 |
| Recorded disaster deaths per 100,000, 30-year averageIND.HAZ.loss.recorded_disaster_deaths | HAZ | Losses and impacts | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | EMDAT Total Deaths |
| Recorded people affected by disasters per 100,000, 30-year averageIND.HAZ.loss.recorded_disaster_affected | HAZ | Losses and impacts | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | EMDAT Total Affected |
| Recorded disaster damage, share of GDP, 30-year averageIND.HAZ.loss.recorded_disaster_damage.gdp | HAZ | Losses and impacts | impact | % | COUNTRY | EMDAT Total Damage, Adjusted ('000 US$) |
| Road densityIND.ENV.land.road_density | ENV | Land and forests | hazard | km/km2 | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| Municipal solid waste managed in controlled facilitiesIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.share | ENV | Pollution and waste | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, CITY | SDG 11.6.1 EPI MSW |
| Wastewater flows safely treatedIND.WAT.quality.wastewater_safely_treated.share | WAT | Water quality | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, CITY | SDG 6.3.1 EPI WWT |
| GDP in GNSS-dependent activities, shareIND.SPC.dependence.gnss_dependent_gdp.share | SPC | Space-service dependence | exposure | % | COUNTRY, PORTFOLIO | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 ET0102 |
| Critical services relying on satellites without backup, shareIND.SPC.dependence.satellite_service_exposure.share | SPC | Space-service dependence | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| High-voltage grid in high geoelectric hazard zones, shareIND.SPC.dependence.grid_gic_exposure.share | SPC | Space-service dependence | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | |
| Population with catastrophic out-of-pocket health spendingIND.HLT.system.catastrophic_oop | HLT | Health system capacity | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | SDG 3.8.2 WB_WDI SH.UHC.OOPC.10.ZS |
| Travel time to the nearest health facilityIND.HLT.system.health_facility_travel_time | HLT | Health system capacity | vulnerability | min | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| IHR health emergency management capacity (SPAR C7)IND.HLT.security.spar_emergency_management | HLT | Health security (IHR) | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SPAR C7 WHO_GHO IHRSPAR2_C07 JEE R1 |
| Cost of a healthy dietIND.FOO.access.healthy_diet_cost | FOO | Access and affordability | vulnerability | [USD] | COUNTRY | WB_WDI CoHD_PPP |
| Population unable to afford a healthy dietIND.FOO.access.healthy_diet_unaffordable | FOO | Access and affordability | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI CoHD_headcount |
| Employment in agriculture, share of total employmentIND.FOO.agriculture.agri_employment_share | FOO | Agricultural production and dependence | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS |
| Extreme poverty headcount, USD 3.00 a day (2021 PPP)IND.SOC.poverty.extreme_poverty.usd300 | SOC | Poverty | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SI.POV.DDAY SDG 1.1.1 |
| Poverty headcount, USD 4.20 a day (2021 PPP)IND.SOC.poverty.poverty.usd420 | SOC | Poverty | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SI.POV.LMIC |
| Poverty headcount, USD 8.30 a day (2021 PPP)IND.SOC.poverty.poverty.usd830 | SOC | Poverty | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SI.POV.UMIC |
| Poverty headcount at the national poverty lineIND.SOC.poverty.national_poverty | SOC | Poverty | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | WB_WDI SI.POV.NAHC SDG 1.2.1 |
| Multidimensional poverty headcount (global MPI)IND.SOC.poverty.multidimensional_poverty | SOC | Poverty | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 1.2.2 WB_WDI SI.POV.MPWB |
| Gini indexIND.SOC.inequality.gini | SOC | Inequality | vulnerability | {score} | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SI.POV.GINI |
| Income or consumption share of the bottom 40 percentIND.SOC.inequality.bottom40_income_share | SOC | Inequality | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SI.DST.FRST.20 |
| Growth of consumption or income of the bottom 40 percentIND.SOC.inequality.bottom40_growth | SOC | Inequality | adaptive capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SI.SPR.PC40.ZG SDG 10.1.1 |
| Loss in human development due to inequalityIND.SOC.inequality.human_development_loss | SOC | Inequality | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | HDR loss |
| Mean years of schoolingIND.SOC.education.mean_years_schooling | SOC | Education | adaptive capacity | a | COUNTRY | HDR mys |
| Expected years of schoolingIND.SOC.education.expected_years_schooling | SOC | Education | adaptive capacity | a | COUNTRY | HDR eys |
| Learning povertyIND.SOC.education.learning_poverty | SOC | Education | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SE.LPV.PRIM SDG 4.1.1 |
| Adult literacy rateIND.SOC.education.adult_literacy | SOC | Education | adaptive capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SE.ADT.LITR.ZS SDG 4.6.1 |
| Gender Inequality Index (UNDP)IND.SOC.gender.gender_inequality_index | SOC | Gender | vulnerability | {score} | COUNTRY | HDR gii |
| Female labour-force participation rateIND.SOC.gender.female_labour_participation | SOC | Gender | adaptive capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZS |
| Seats held by women in national parliamentIND.SOC.gender.women_in_parliament | SOC | Gender | adaptive capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SG.GEN.PARL.ZS SDG 5.5.1 |
| Population covered by at least one social protection benefitIND.SOC.protection.social_protection_coverage | SOC | Social protection | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | SDG 1.3.1 ILO SDG_0131_SEX_SOC_RT WB_WDI per_allsp.cov_pop_tot |
| Youth not in employment, education or trainingIND.SOC.protection.youth_neet | SOC | Social protection | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SL.UEM.NEET.ZS SDG 8.6.1 ILO SDG_0861_SEX_RT |
| Informal employment, share of total employmentIND.SOC.protection.informal_employment | SOC | Social protection | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | SDG 8.3.1 ILO SDG_0831_SEX_ECO_RT WB_WDI SL.ISV.IFRM.ZS |
| Children aged 5 to 17 in child labourIND.SOC.protection.child_labour | SOC | Social protection | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | SDG 8.7.1 ILO SDG_B871_SEX_AGE_RT WB_WDI SL.TLF.0714.ZS |
| Human Development Index (UNDP)IND.SOC.development.hdi | SOC | Human development | adaptive capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | HDR hdi |
| Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (UNDP)IND.SOC.development.ihdi | SOC | Human development | adaptive capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | HDR ihdi |
| Urban population, share of totalIND.DEM.urbanisation.urban_share | DEM | Urbanisation | context | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Urban population growthIND.DEM.urbanisation.urban_growth | DEM | Urbanisation | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SP.URB.GROW |
| Urban population living in slumsIND.DEM.urbanisation.slum_share | DEM | Urbanisation | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS SDG 11.1.1 |
| Internally displaced people, disasters (stock)IND.DEM.displacement.idp_disaster | DEM | Forced displacement | impact | {persons} | COUNTRY, ADM1 | IDMC disaster_total_displacement |
| Internally displaced people, per 100,000 populationIND.DEM.displacement.idp_total.p100k | DEM | Forced displacement | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY | |
| New internal displacements, disastersIND.DEM.displacement.new_displacement_disaster | DEM | Forced displacement | impact | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | IDMC disaster_new_displacement WB_WDI VC.IDP.NWDS |
| New internal displacements, per 100,000 populationIND.DEM.displacement.new_displacement.p100k | DEM | Forced displacement | impact | /10*5 | COUNTRY | |
| Military expenditure, share of GDPIND.CON.violence.military_expenditure.gdp | CON | Organised violence | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS |
| Government effectiveness (WGI)IND.GOV.quality.government_effectiveness | GOV | Governance quality | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | WB_WGI GOV_WGI_GE.SC WB_WGI GOV_WGI_GE.EST |
| Efficiency of revenue mobilisation (CPIA)IND.GOV.policy.tax_administration | GOV | Policy and institutional quality | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | WB_WDI IQ.CPA.REVN.XQ |
| Deviation of budget execution from the approved budgetIND.GOV.policy.budget_execution_deviation | GOV | Policy and institutional quality | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | SDG 16.6.1 |
| Power outages experienced by firms in a typical monthIND.ENE.reliability.firm_power_outages | ENE | Reliability | vulnerability | /mo | COUNTRY | WB_WDI IC.ELC.OUTG |
| System average interruption duration (SAIDI)IND.ENE.reliability.saidi | ENE | Reliability | vulnerability | h/a | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
| System average interruption frequency (SAIFI)IND.ENE.reliability.saifi | ENE | Reliability | vulnerability | /a | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
| Rural population within 2 km of an all-season roadIND.INF.transport.rural_road_access | INF | Transport | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 9.1.1 |
| Logistics performanceIND.INF.transport.logistics_performance | INF | Transport | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | WB_WDI LP.LPI.OVRL.XQ |
| Liner shipping connectivity relative to the frontierIND.INF.transport.liner_shipping_connectivity | INF | Transport | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI IS.SHP.GCNW.XQ |
| Air passengers carried per capitaIND.INF.transport.air_passengers.pc | INF | Transport | coping capacity | {passengers}/a/{person} | COUNTRY | WB_WDI IS.AIR.PSGR |
| Urban population with convenient access to public transportIND.INF.transport.public_transport_access | INF | Transport | coping capacity | % | CITY, ADM1, COUNTRY | SDG 11.2.1 ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
| Road and rail network in high-hazard zones, shareIND.INF.transport.network_exposed.share | INF | Transport | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| Individuals using the InternetIND.INF.digital.internet_users | INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | SDG 17.8.1 WB_WDI IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Population covered by a mobile network, by technologyIND.INF.digital.mobile_network_coverage | INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 9.c.1 |
| Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitantsIND.INF.digital.fixed_broadband | INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | /10*2 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 17.6.1 WB_WDI IT.NET.BBND.P2 |
| International connectivity route redundancyIND.INF.digital.international_connectivity_redundancy | INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | 1 | COUNTRY | |
| Hours of national-scale internet disruptionIND.INF.digital.internet_disruption_hours | INF | Digital connectivity | impact | h/a | COUNTRY | |
| Power grid resilienceIND.INF.utilities.power_grid_resilience | INF | Utilities | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37123 ISO 37123:2019 |
| Water supply network resilienceIND.INF.utilities.water_network_resilience | INF | Utilities | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37123 ISO 37123:2019 |
| Critical facilities with 72-hour back-up powerIND.INF.utilities.critical_facility_backup_power | INF | Utilities | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37123 ISO 37123:2019 |
| Water supply assets in high-hazard zones, shareIND.INF.utilities.water_assets_exposed.share | INF | Utilities | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| Power generation and grid assets in high-hazard zones, shareIND.INF.utilities.power_assets_exposed.share | INF | Utilities | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| Lifeline facilities in high-hazard zones, shareIND.INF.utilities.lifeline_facilities_exposed.share | INF | Utilities | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
| Infrastructure investment gap, share of GDPIND.INF.utilities.infrastructure_investment_gap.gdp | INF | Utilities | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| City electricity interruption hours per customerIND.INF.urban.power_interruption_hours | INF | Urban systems | vulnerability | h/a | CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
| Critical infrastructure units damaged or destroyed by disastersIND.INF.disruption.critical_infrastructure_damage | INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-1 SDG 11.5.2 |
| Health facilities damaged or destroyed by disastersIND.INF.disruption.health_facilities_damaged | INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-2 |
| Educational facilities damaged or destroyed by disastersIND.INF.disruption.education_facilities_damaged | INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-3 |
| Disruptions to basic services attributed to disastersIND.INF.disruption.basic_service_disruptions | INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-5 |
| Direct economic loss to critical infrastructure, share of GDPIND.INF.disruption.critical_infrastructure_loss.gdp | INF | Service disruption | impact | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI C-5 |
| Cyber incidents disrupting critical servicesIND.CYB.incidents.critical_sector_incidents | CYB | Incidents | impact | 1 | COUNTRY | |
| National DRR strategy aligned with the Sendai FrameworkIND.CRS.drr.national_drr_strategy | CRS | DRR strategy | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SENDAI E-1 SDG 1.5.3 SDG 11.b.1 SDG 13.1.2 |
| Local governments with DRR strategies aligned to the national strategyIND.CRS.drr.local_drr_strategies | CRS | DRR strategy | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI E-2 SDG 1.5.4 SDG 11.b.2 SDG 13.1.3 |
| Multi-hazard early warning system scoreIND.CRS.warning.mhews_score | CRS | Early warning | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SENDAI G-1 |
| Multi-hazard monitoring and forecasting systemsIND.CRS.warning.monitoring_forecasting | CRS | Early warning | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SENDAI G-2 |
| People covered by early warning informationIND.CRS.warning.early_warning_coverage | CRS | Early warning | coping capacity | /10*5 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI G-3 |
| Local governments with a plan to act on early warningsIND.CRS.warning.local_warning_action_plans | CRS | Early warning | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI G-4 |
| Accessible disaster risk information and assessmentIND.CRS.warning.risk_information_access | CRS | Early warning | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SENDAI G-5 |
| Exposed population protected by pre-emptive evacuationIND.CRS.warning.preemptive_evacuation | CRS | Early warning | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI G-6 |
| Disaster risk financing strategy adoptedIND.CRS.financing.drf_strategy | CRS | Risk financing and protection gap | coping capacity | {bool} | COUNTRY | |
| Participation in a sovereign regional risk poolIND.CRS.financing.regional_risk_pool_membership | CRS | Risk financing and protection gap | coping capacity | {bool} | COUNTRY | |
| Pre-arranged contingent disaster credit, share of GDPIND.CRS.financing.contingent_credit.gdp | CRS | Risk financing and protection gap | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | |
| Sovereign catastrophe risk transfer limit, share of GDPIND.CRS.financing.risk_transfer_cover.gdp | CRS | Risk financing and protection gap | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | |
| Natural-catastrophe insurance protection gapIND.CRS.financing.insurance_protection_gap | CRS | Risk financing and protection gap | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | |
| Non-life insurance premiums, share of GDPIND.CRS.financing.non_life_insurance_penetration | CRS | Risk financing and protection gap | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | |
| Population within 15 minutes of emergency servicesIND.CRS.response.emergency_service_access | CRS | Response capacity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
| INSARAG-classified urban search and rescue teamIND.CRS.response.usar_classification | CRS | Response capacity | coping capacity | {bool} | COUNTRY | |
| International official support for DRR received, share of GDPIND.CRS.response.international_drr_support.gdp | CRS | Response capacity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | SENDAI F-1 |
| Shock-responsive social protection readinessIND.CRS.response.shock_responsive_social_protection | CRS | Response capacity | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY |
05Hazards
Hazard families this series reads
families, each crosswalked to the UNDRR–ISC Hazard Information Profiles (2025) where a profile exists.
FIG 4 · Hazard families this series reads
| Family | Domain | Hazards | Count |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convective storms | Atmosphere and weather | Thunderstorm, Lightning strike, Downburst, Tornado, Waterspout, Hail, Squall, Derecho … | 11 |
| Cyclonic storm systems | Atmosphere and weather | Tropical cyclone, Subtropical cyclone, Extratropical cyclone, Low-pressure system, Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone, Polar low, Rapid cyclone intensification, Explosive cyclogenesis | 8 |
| Damaging wind | Atmosphere and weather | Windstorm, Gale, Downslope windstorm, Clear-air turbulence | 4 |
| Precipitation extremes | Atmosphere and weather | Intense rainfall, Heavy snowfall, Snowstorm, Blizzard, Lake-effect snow band, Freezing rain, Structural icing | 7 |
| Thermal extremes | Atmosphere and weather | Heatwave, Humid heat stress, Cold wave, Livestock winter disaster, Hard freeze, Frost, Rapid thaw, Extreme night-time heat … | 9 |
| Airborne particles and low visibility | Atmosphere and weather | Fog, Dust storm, Dust haze, Haze, Smoke plume, Airborne allergen surge | 6 |
| Large-scale circulation anomalies | Atmosphere and weather | Atmospheric river, Atmospheric blocking, Tropical Pacific climate swing, Monsoon failure, Polar vortex disruption, Indian Ocean dipole event, North Atlantic pressure-seesaw extreme | 7 |
| Surface radiation extremes | Atmosphere and weather | Extreme ultraviolet exposure, Stratospheric ozone loss episode | 2 |
| Freshwater inundation | Water systems | River flood, Flash flood, Surface-water flood, Groundwater flood, Snowmelt flood, Ice-jam flood, Reservoir release flood, Natural-dam outburst flood … | 9 |
| Water deficit | Water systems | Meteorological drought, Agricultural drought, Hydrological drought, Groundwater depletion, Flash drought, Water supply shortfall, Megadrought, Lake and inland sea desiccation … | 9 |
| Coastal and sea-level hazards | Water systems | Storm surge, Storm tide, Coastal flood, Estuary flood, High-tide flooding, Tsunami, Seiche, Rogue wave … | 13 |
| Ocean-state extremes | Water systems | Marine heatwave, Ocean acidification, Marine oxygen depletion, Upper-ocean stratification increase, Marine cold spell, Lake and river heatwave | 6 |
| Water-quality degradation | Water systems | Eutrophication, Harmful algal bloom, Freshwater salinisation, Sargassum seaweed influx | 4 |
| Fault shaking and rupture | Solid Earth | Earthquake, Induced earthquake, Aftershock sequence, Fault surface rupture, Soil liquefaction, Ground fissure, Earthquake swarm | 7 |
| Eruption products and unrest | Solid Earth | Volcanic unrest, Lava flow, Volcanic ash fall, Volcanic ash cloud, Volcanic ballistic projectiles, Pyroclastic flow, Lahar, Volcanic gas and aerosol emission … | 12 |
| Slope failure and mass movement | Solid Earth | Rockfall, Topple, Slope slide, Lateral spread, Debris flow, Earthflow and mudflow, Rock avalanche, Submarine landslide … | 9 |
| Ground deformation and subsidence | Solid Earth | Land subsidence, Crustal uplift, Sinkhole, Shrink-swell soil movement, Soft-soil settlement, Ground gas seepage, Mining-induced subsidence | 7 |
| Erosion and sediment movement | Solid Earth | Soil erosion, River bank erosion, Coastal erosion, Dune encroachment, Reservoir and channel siltation, River avulsion, Delta sediment starvation | 7 |
| Seabed and deep-sea hazards | Solid Earth | Turbidity current, Submarine volcanic eruption, Seabed gas escape, Pumice raft, Deep-sea mining disturbance | 5 |
| Snowpack hazards | Ice and snow | Snow avalanche, Snow drought, Rain-on-snow event | 3 |
| Glacier, ice-sheet and permafrost change | Ice and snow | Glacial lake outburst flood, Glacier or ice-mass collapse, Glacier mass loss, Ice-sheet mass loss, Permafrost thaw, Ice-shelf disintegration, Subglacial outburst flood, Glacier surge … | 10 |
| Floating ice | Ice and snow | Sea ice, Iceberg and ice-floe drift, Sea-ice loss, Lake and river ice loss, Shoreline ice shove | 5 |
| Vegetation and peat fire | Land and ecosystems | Extreme fire weather, Wildfire, Wildland-urban interface fire, Peat and underground fire, Fire regime shift | 5 |
| Forest and woodland stress | Land and ecosystems | Deforestation, Forest dieback, Large forest disturbance, Forest pest invasion, Native forest insect outbreak | 5 |
| Land and wetland degradation | Land and ecosystems | Land degradation, Desertification, Soil quality decline, Soil salinisation and sodicity, Wetland loss, Mangrove loss, Peatland drainage and degradation, Soil sealing … | 9 |
| Biodiversity and species stress | Land and ecosystems | Biodiversity loss, Coral bleaching, Pollinator decline, Fishery collapse, Mass wildlife mortality, Human-wildlife conflict, Wildlife disease panzootic, Insect decline … | 12 |
| Climate-state shifts | Land and ecosystems | Abrupt climate-system shift, Volcanic cooling | 2 |
| Ecosystem regime shifts | Land and ecosystems | Kelp forest collapse, Seagrass meadow loss, Lake clear-to-turbid shift, Woody plant encroachment, Coastal habitat squeeze, Food-web collapse | 6 |
| Supply-chain and flow disruption | Systemic and compound events | Supply-chain disruption, Chokepoint blockage, Port or hub closure, Fuel and energy supply shock, Food supply-chain breakdown, Trade restriction or embargo, Single-source supplier failure, Cold-chain failure … | 17 |
| Cascading failure | Systemic and compound events | Interdependent infrastructure cascade, Blackout-driven service cascade, Water-energy-food cascade, Financial contagion, Health-system overload, Emergency-response overload, Digital dependency cascade, Lifeline restoration deadlock … | 10 |
| Compound and multi-hazard events | Systemic and compound events | Compound flooding, Concurrent heat and drought, Simultaneous multi-region crop failure, Cold-wave energy crunch, Heat-driven grid stress, Natech event, Successive hazards, Disaster during an epidemic … | 9 |
| Structural fragility of interconnected systems | Systemic and compound events | Critical single point of failure, Critical service provider concentration, Common-mode failure, Technology monoculture, Lean inventory fragility, Geographic clustering of critical production, Unmapped critical dependency, Tightly coupled automated systems … | 11 |
06Tail
The severe end of the distribution
FIG 5 · Explorer: exceedance, return-period loss and the protection gap
Frequency and severity
One risk-transfer layer
–
runs in your browser
07Methods
Method libraries
Each method has a reference implementation or declares the specialist model, data or adapter it still needs; none is promoted beyond its evidence.
23 methods
Catastrophe risk
Stochastic Event Catalogue · Historical Event Catalogue · Event Footprint · Secondary Uncertainty · Loss Amplification · Financial Terms · Event Loss Table …
37 methods
Hazard science
Hazard Intensity Footprint Screening · Earthquake Hazard · Earthquake Ground Motion · Earthquake Rupture · Liquefaction · Landslide · Tsunami …
18 methods
Consequence and loss
Direct Physical Loss · Indirect Economic Loss · Downtime · Service Continuity · Casualty · Displacement · Business Interruption …
38 methods
Insurance and reinsurance
Technical Pricing · Frequency Severity Pricing · Exposure Rating · Experience Rating · Burning Cost · Catastrophe Pricing · Aggregate Loss Terms …
08Users
Who uses it
Governments and national risk agencies
Prioritise prevention and preparedness; Plan with subnational layers; Track Sendai targets; Co-develop a national index
UN system and humanitarian organisations
Compare needs across contexts with intervals; Watch weekly signals for review; Read outlooks for anticipatory planning
Insurers, reinsurers and risk pools
Read hazard, exposure and protection-gap context; Run scenario and tail analytics; Study parametric index design questions
International financial institutions and development banks
Screen country and project context; Read fiscal resilience and protection gaps; Design pre-arranged finance questions
Civil society and NGOs
Target programmes; Use open profiles; Contribute local evidence
09Reports
Nexus Reports
- Edition code
GS-08- Edition status
- planned
- Subject
- Named by Nexus Reports
10Cite
Cite and reuse
GCRI Canada (2026). The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX (canonical data, provenance and risk)): Global Disaster series (GRX-SER-GS-08), Baseline Edition 2026. Preparatory working draft. https://risksindex.com/series/gs-08/ UNI NXS-GRX-AR-000066.
- Series key
grix:SER.GS-08:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A- Domain keys
nis:IDX.HAZ.multi.hazard_exposure:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:Anis:IDX.CRS.response.lack_of_coping_capacity:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A
Every country reads this series
Each country profile carries the domain indices this series is built from.
Status
The methodology, structure and definitions of The Global Risks Index are a preparatory working draft (2026), circulated for review and comment and not for implementation. No value appears until an edition is released from a governed evidence cut; values then carry intervals, classes, sources and their correction pathway. Simulators run the published methods on numbers you choose and never show a NXS-GRX value.
What NXS-GRX is not
NXS-GRX is research and risk-analytics information. It is not a credit or ESG rating and uses no rating scale, not a benchmark for financial instruments, not official statistics, not an emergency warning or official classification, and not advice. It must not be used to evaluate natural persons. Risk classes are bands on a published scale, never rankings of countries or people.
Institutions and sources
The Nexus Consortium is stewarded by three independent not-for-profit institutions: GCRI Canada as Lead Institution, Consortium Secretariat and lead contracting organization, The Global Risks Forum (GRF) and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA). Technology, infrastructure and service providers work with the Consortium at arm's length under written agreements, like every other external party in the public-private-planet model, and hold no role in its stewardship.
Every value carries the attribution of its sources, which keep their own licences. External names are cited for interoperability only. Nexus-authored text is intended for CC BY 4.0 on release.
Avis en français
La méthodologie et les définitions du NXS-GRX sont un projet de travail préparatoire (2026). Le NXS-GRX est une information de recherche et d'analyse des risques : ni notation, ni indice de référence financier, ni statistique officielle, ni alerte, ni conseil. Les classes de risque sont des bandes sur une échelle publiée, non des classements.