Erdbeobachtung und Raumfahrtsysteme
Abhängigkeit von Satelliten für Navigation, Kommunikation und Beobachtung; Überfüllung von Umlaufbahnen, Trümmer und Exposition gegenüber Weltraumwetter.
1
Exposition gegenüber Weltraumwetter
56
3 index domains
18
Space and near-Earth · Frontier and exponential technology.
64
Hazard science · Critical infrastructure and industrial systems.
Scope and questions
The subject of this index is proposed by NXS-GRX (canonical data, provenance and risk); the Nexus Reports edition with the same code sets its own subject at commissioning, and any difference is recorded as a crosswalk.
- Which services depend on space systems?
- How exposed are orbits to congestion and debris?
- What would a severe space-weather event disable?
Domain indices to the series index
The series index is the expert-weighted geometric mean of its domain indices, with the intervals and class rule of the methodology.
How the Earth observation and space systems index is built
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Exposition gegenüber WeltraumwetterDomain index · IDX · SPC0–10 index of space-weather exposure as the product of the space-weather hazard and space-service dependence sub-indices; mostly modelled and expert inputs, so its grade is capped.
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Earth observation and space systems indexSeries index · SERIES · XT-07Abhängigkeit von Satelliten für Navigation, Kommunikation und Beobachtung; Überfüllung von Umlaufbahnen, Trümmer und Exposition gegenüber Weltraumwetter.
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Country readingsOutput · OUTPUT · 195 profilesPublished with intervals and classes when the edition is released.
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Regional readingsOutput · OUTPUT · 5 regionsPublished with intervals and classes when the edition is released.
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Global readingOutput · OUTPUT · population or exposure weightedPublished with intervals and classes when the edition is released.
Domain indices in this series
| Index | Wert | Veränderung | Veränderung % | 90%-Intervall | Klasse · Wahrscheinlichkeit | Trend | Spanne |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exposition gegenüber WeltraumwetterNXS-GRX · SPC |
– | – | – | – | – |
Domains read: Space environment, Technology and frontier, Infrastructure.
56 indicators in scope
Every indicator whose primary or secondary domain is in scope, with unit, levels and crosswalks to source code lists.
| Indikator | Domäne | Sub-domain | Komponente | Einheit | Ebenen | Crosswalks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nettoimportabhängigkeit bei kritischen MineralienIND.ECO.concentration.critical_minerals_import_reliance |
ECO | Export and import concentration | vulnerability | % |
COUNTRY | |
Seehandel mit Exposition gegenüber maritimen EngpässenIND.ECO.supply_chain.chokepoint_exposure |
ECO | Supply-chain exposure | exposure | % |
COUNTRY | |
Bemessungsstandard des HochwasserschutzesIND.HAZ.flood.flood_protection_standard |
HAZ | Flood | coping capacity | a |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, SITE | |
Bebaute FlächeIND.HAZ.exposure.built_up_area |
HAZ | Exposition | context | km2 |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Bebaute Fläche in Zonen hoher GefahrIND.HAZ.exposure.built_up_exposed |
HAZ | Exposition | exposure | km2 |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
StraßendichteIND.ENV.land.road_density |
ENV | Land and forests | hazard | km/km2 |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
In kontrollierten Anlagen behandelter SiedlungsabfallIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.share |
ENV | Pollution and waste | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY, CITY | SDG 11.6.1 EPI MSW |
Sicher behandelte AbwasserströmeIND.WAT.quality.wastewater_safely_treated.share |
WAT | Water quality | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY, CITY | SDG 6.3.1 EPI WWT |
Severe geomagnetic storm days per yearIND.SPC.weather.severe_geomagnetic_storm_days |
SPC | Weltraumwetter | hazard | d/a |
GLOBAL | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 ET0101 EMDAT nat-ext-spa-geo |
Amplitude des geoelektrischen Feldes bei einer Wiederkehrperiode von 100 JahrenIND.SPC.weather.geoelectric_field_rp100 |
SPC | Weltraumwetter | hazard | V/km |
COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | |
Strong solar radiation storm days per yearIND.SPC.weather.radiation_storm_days |
SPC | Weltraumwetter | hazard | d/a |
GLOBAL | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 ET0104 EMDAT nat-ext-spa-ene |
BIP in GNSS-abhängigen Tätigkeiten, AnteilIND.SPC.dependence.gnss_dependent_gdp.share |
SPC | Space-service dependence | exposure | % |
COUNTRY, PORTFOLIO | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 ET0102 |
Kritische Dienste, die ohne Rückfallebene auf Satelliten angewiesen sind, AnteilIND.SPC.dependence.satellite_service_exposure.share |
SPC | Space-service dependence | vulnerability | % |
COUNTRY | |
Hochspannungsnetz in Zonen hoher geoelektrischer Gefahr, AnteilIND.SPC.dependence.grid_gic_exposure.share |
SPC | Space-service dependence | exposure | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | |
Reisezeit zur nächsten GesundheitseinrichtungIND.HLT.system.health_facility_travel_time |
HLT | Health system capacity | vulnerability | min |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Stadtbevölkerung, Anteil an der GesamtbevölkerungIND.DEM.urbanisation.urban_share |
DEM | Urbanisation | context | % |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
Wachstum der StadtbevölkerungIND.DEM.urbanisation.urban_growth |
DEM | Urbanisation | vulnerability | % |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI SP.URB.GROW |
In Slums lebende StadtbevölkerungIND.DEM.urbanisation.slum_share |
DEM | Urbanisation | vulnerability | % |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS SDG 11.1.1 |
Stromausfälle bei Unternehmen in einem typischen MonatIND.ENE.reliability.firm_power_outages |
ENE | Reliability | vulnerability | /mo |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI IC.ELC.OUTG |
Durchschnittliche Unterbrechungsdauer im System (SAIDI)IND.ENE.reliability.saidi |
ENE | Reliability | vulnerability | h/a |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
Durchschnittliche Unterbrechungshäufigkeit im System (SAIFI)IND.ENE.reliability.saifi |
ENE | Reliability | vulnerability | /a |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
Lieferantenkonzentration bei Importen kritischer MineralienIND.ENE.minerals.critical_mineral_import_concentration |
ENE | Critical minerals | vulnerability | 1 |
COUNTRY | |
Ländliche Bevölkerung im Umkreis von 2 km um eine ganzjährig befahrbare StraßeIND.INF.transport.rural_road_access |
INF | Transport | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 9.1.1 |
LogistikleistungIND.INF.transport.logistics_performance |
INF | Transport | coping capacity | {score} |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI LP.LPI.OVRL.XQ |
Linienschifffahrtsanbindung im Verhältnis zur BestmarkeIND.INF.transport.liner_shipping_connectivity |
INF | Transport | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI IS.SHP.GCNW.XQ |
Beförderte Fluggäste pro KopfIND.INF.transport.air_passengers.pc |
INF | Transport | coping capacity | {passengers}/a/{person} |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI IS.AIR.PSGR |
Stadtbevölkerung mit bequemem Zugang zum öffentlichen VerkehrIND.INF.transport.public_transport_access |
INF | Transport | coping capacity | % |
CITY, ADM1, COUNTRY | SDG 11.2.1 ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
Straßen- und Schienennetz in Zonen hoher Gefahr, AnteilIND.INF.transport.network_exposed.share |
INF | Transport | exposure | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Personen, die das Internet nutzenIND.INF.digital.internet_users |
INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | SDG 17.8.1 WB_WDI IT.NET.USER.ZS |
Mobilfunkabdeckung der Bevölkerung, nach TechnologieIND.INF.digital.mobile_network_coverage |
INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 9.c.1 |
Festnetz-Breitbandanschlüsse je 100 EinwohnerIND.INF.digital.fixed_broadband |
INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | /10*2 |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 17.6.1 WB_WDI IT.NET.BBND.P2 |
Redundanz internationaler VerbindungswegeIND.INF.digital.international_connectivity_redundancy |
INF | Digital connectivity | coping capacity | 1 |
COUNTRY | |
Stunden landesweiter InternetstörungenIND.INF.digital.internet_disruption_hours |
INF | Digital connectivity | impact | h/a |
COUNTRY | |
Resilienz des StromnetzesIND.INF.utilities.power_grid_resilience |
INF | Utilities | coping capacity | {score} |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37123 ISO 37123:2019 |
Resilienz des WasserversorgungsnetzesIND.INF.utilities.water_network_resilience |
INF | Utilities | coping capacity | {score} |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37123 ISO 37123:2019 |
Kritische Einrichtungen mit 72-Stunden-NotstromversorgungIND.INF.utilities.critical_facility_backup_power |
INF | Utilities | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37123 ISO 37123:2019 |
Anlagen der Wasserversorgung in Zonen hoher Gefahr, AnteilIND.INF.utilities.water_assets_exposed.share |
INF | Utilities | exposure | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Anlagen der Stromerzeugung und des Stromnetzes in Zonen hoher Gefahr, AnteilIND.INF.utilities.power_assets_exposed.share |
INF | Utilities | exposure | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Lebenswichtige Versorgungseinrichtungen in Zonen hoher Gefahr, AnteilIND.INF.utilities.lifeline_facilities_exposed.share |
INF | Utilities | exposure | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Infrastruktur-Investitionslücke, Anteil am BIPIND.INF.utilities.infrastructure_investment_gap.gdp |
INF | Utilities | vulnerability | % |
COUNTRY | |
City electricity interruption hours per customerIND.INF.urban.power_interruption_hours |
INF | Urban systems | vulnerability | h/a |
CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
Durch Katastrophen beschädigte oder zerstörte Einheiten kritischer InfrastrukturIND.INF.disruption.critical_infrastructure_damage |
INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-1 SDG 11.5.2 |
Durch Katastrophen beschädigte oder zerstörte GesundheitseinrichtungenIND.INF.disruption.health_facilities_damaged |
INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-2 |
Durch Katastrophen beschädigte oder zerstörte BildungseinrichtungenIND.INF.disruption.education_facilities_damaged |
INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-3 |
Katastrophen zugeschriebene Unterbrechungen grundlegender DiensteIND.INF.disruption.basic_service_disruptions |
INF | Service disruption | impact | 1 |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI D-5 |
Direkter wirtschaftlicher Schaden an kritischer Infrastruktur, Anteil am BIPIND.INF.disruption.critical_infrastructure_loss.gdp |
INF | Service disruption | impact | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1 | SENDAI C-5 |
Cybervorfälle mit Störung kritischer DiensteIND.CYB.incidents.critical_sector_incidents |
CYB | Incidents | impact | 1 |
COUNTRY | |
Bruttoinlandsausgaben für F&E, Anteil am BIPIND.TEC.capability.rd_expenditure.gdp |
TEC | Technology capability | adaptive capacity | % |
COUNTRY | SDG 9.5.1 WB_WDI GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |
Forschende je Million EinwohnerIND.TEC.capability.researchers_per_million |
TEC | Technology capability | adaptive capacity | /10*6 |
COUNTRY | SDG 9.5.2 WB_WDI SP.POP.SCIE.RD.P6 |
Hochtechnologieexporte, Anteil an den Exporten von IndustrieerzeugnissenIND.TEC.capability.high_tech_exports |
TEC | Technology capability | adaptive capacity | % |
COUNTRY | WB_WDI TX.VAL.TECH.MF.ZS SDG 9.b.1 |
Lieferantenkonzentration bei HalbleiterimportenIND.TEC.concentration.semiconductor_import_concentration |
TEC | Concentration and dependence | vulnerability | 1 |
COUNTRY | |
Anbieterkonzentration bei Cloud-InfrastrukturIND.TEC.concentration.cloud_provider_concentration |
TEC | Concentration and dependence | vulnerability | 1 |
COUNTRY | |
KI-Rechenkapazität unter ausländischer Kontrolle oder Kontrolle eines einzelnen AnbietersIND.TEC.ai.ai_compute_foreign_control |
TEC | Künstliche Intelligenz | vulnerability | % |
COUNTRY | |
Anbieterkonzentration bei BasismodellenIND.TEC.ai.foundation_model_concentration |
TEC | Künstliche Intelligenz | vulnerability | % |
COUNTRY | |
Aufsicht über biologische Sicherheit und Biosicherheit von HochsicherheitslaborenIND.TEC.bio.biosecurity_lab_oversight |
TEC | Biotechnologie | coping capacity | {score} |
COUNTRY | |
Bevölkerung innerhalb von 15 Minuten zu RettungsdienstenIND.CRS.response.emergency_service_access |
CRS | Response capacity | coping capacity | % |
COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | ISO_37120 ISO 37120:2018 |
Hazard families this series reads
families, each crosswalked to the UNDRR–ISC Hazard Information Profiles (2025) where a profile exists.
| Familie | Domäne | Gefahren | Count |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar-terrestrial storms | Weltraum und erdnaher Raum | Geomagnetic storm, Solar flare radio blackout, Solar radiation storm, Ionospheric disturbance, Geomagnetically induced current, Satellite space-environment anomaly, Thermospheric drag surge, Radiation-belt electron enhancement … | 9 |
| Impacts and orbital hazards | Weltraum und erdnaher Raum | Near-Earth object approach, Meteorite impact, Airburst, Space debris, Orbital collision cascade, Uncontrolled re-entry, Spaceflight accident, Meteoroid stream encounter | 8 |
| AI system failure and misalignment | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | AI malfunction in a critical service, Out-of-distribution model failure, Correlated failure of shared AI models, Reliance on fabricated AI output, Specification gaming and reward hacking, Deceptive or strategically misaligned AI, Loss of human control over advanced AI, AI self-replication and exfiltration … | 11 |
| AI security and model supply chain | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Theft of frontier model weights, Backdoored AI model, AI model supply-chain compromise, Prompt injection against AI agents, AI-enabled cyber offence, Attack on AI compute infrastructure, Adversarial manipulation of machine learning | 7 |
| AI misuse and capability uplift | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | AI uplift for biological weapons, AI uplift for chemical weapons, Synthetic media at scale, Non-consensual synthetic intimate imagery, AI-driven mass persuasion, AI-enabled mass surveillance and repression, AI-enabled seizure or entrenchment of power, Malicious use of AI | 8 |
| Agentic AI acting at scale | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Runaway autonomous agent action, Multi-agent interaction cascade, Algorithmic market flash crash, Human deskilling and over-reliance on AI, Gradual human disempowerment by AI, Autonomous agent overreach | 6 |
| Algorithmic decision and structural harm | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Harmful automated decision-making, Clinical AI error, Rapid AI-driven labour displacement, Concentration of frontier AI capability, Competitive AI race and safety erosion, Degradation of the shared knowledge base, Recommender-system amplification harm, Harm from AI companions and chatbots … | 12 |
| Robotics, autonomy and autonomous weapons | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Lethal autonomous weapon use, Drone swarm attack, Weaponised small drone attack, Drone intrusion into protected airspace, AI-accelerated military escalation, AI in nuclear command, control and warning, Industrial and service robot injury, Autonomous vehicle system failure … | 10 |
| Biotechnologie und synthetische Biologie | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Engineered pandemic pathogen, Dual-use research of concern, Benchtop DNA synthesis misuse, Biological design tool misuse, Automated biofoundry accident, Gene drive escape, Engineered organism escape into the environment, Mirror-image organism creation or release … | 10 |
| Nanotechnology and advanced materials | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Engineered nanomaterial exposure, High-aspect-ratio nanofibre inhalation, Nanomaterial accumulation in the environment, Uncontrolled self-replicating nanomachines, Molecular manufacturing arms race | 5 |
| Neurotechnology, human enhancement and extended reality | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Brain-computer interface failure, Neural device compromise, Neural data exploitation, Cognitive enhancement harm and coercion, Heritable human genome editing harm, Extended-reality physical and psychological harm, Manipulation of augmented perception | 7 |
| Quantum technology and cryptographic transition | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Cryptographically relevant quantum computer, Harvest-now, decrypt-later collection, Post-quantum migration failure, Quantum sensing erosion of strategic concealment | 4 |
| Technologien zur Klimaintervention | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Solar geoengineering termination shock, Stratospheric aerosol injection side effects, Marine cloud brightening side effects, Unilateral or rogue geoengineering deployment, Ocean fertilisation side effects, Ocean alkalinity enhancement side effects, Large-scale carbon removal land and water competition, Geological carbon storage leakage … | 11 |
| Space technology and orbital infrastructure | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Destructive anti-satellite strike, Non-kinetic counterspace attack, Mega-constellation orbital congestion, Constellation-wide service failure, Upper-atmosphere pollution from launches and re-entries, Satellite interference with sky observation, Back-contamination from extraterrestrial samples | 7 |
| Digital infrastructure concentration and monoculture | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Critical open-source dependency failure, Advanced semiconductor fabrication concentration, Digital identity and trust service failure | 3 |
| Advanced and distributed manufacturing | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | 3D-printed and untraceable firearms, Distributed production of weapon components, Additively manufactured critical part failure | 3 |
| Energy-transition technology failures | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Lithium battery fire in vehicles and transport, Mass manipulation of connected energy devices, Advanced reactor material security risk, Critical mineral supply concentration | 4 |
| Distributed ledgers and digital assets | Grenz- und Exponentialtechnologien | Smart-contract and oracle exploit | 1 |
Method libraries
Each method has a reference implementation or declares the specialist model, data or adapter it still needs; none is promoted beyond its evidence.
Gefahrenwissenschaft
Hazard Intensity Footprint Screening · Earthquake Hazard · Earthquake Ground Motion · Earthquake Rupture · Liquefaction · Landslide · Tsunami …
Kritische Infrastruktur und industrielle Systeme
Asset Reliability · Process Safety · HAZOP · FMEA FMECA · Industrial Fault Tree · Industrial Event Tree · LOPA …
Who uses it
Governments and national risk agencies
Prioritise prevention and preparedness. Plan with subnational layers. Track Sendai targets. Co-develop a national index.
Insurers, reinsurers and risk pools
Read hazard, exposure and protection-gap context. Run scenario and tail analytics. Study parametric index design questions.
Companies and supply chains
Screen sites and suppliers. Watch chokepoints and pulse. Read country context.
Nexus Reports
- Edition code
XT-07- Edition status
- geplant
- Gegenstand
- Set by Nexus Reports at commissioning
Zitieren und weiterverwenden
- Series key
grix:SER.XT-07:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A- Domain keys
nis:IDX.SPC.weather.space_weather_exposure:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A
Every country reads this series
Each country profile carries the domain indices this series is built from.
Status
Methodik, Struktur und Definitionen des Global Risks Index sind ein vorbereitender Arbeitsentwurf (2026), der zur Prüfung und Stellungnahme und nicht zur Umsetzung verbreitet wird. Kein Wert erscheint, bevor eine Ausgabe aus einem geregelten Evidenzschnitt veröffentlicht ist; die Werte tragen dann Intervalle, Klassen, Quellen und ihren Korrekturweg. Die Simulatoren wenden die veröffentlichten Methoden auf Zahlen an, die Sie wählen, und zeigen niemals einen NXS-GRX-Wert.
Was NXS-GRX nicht ist
NXS-GRX ist eine Forschungs- und Risikoanalyseinformation. Es ist kein Kredit- oder ESG-Rating und verwendet keine Ratingskala, kein Referenzwert für Finanzinstrumente, keine amtliche Statistik, keine Notfallwarnung oder amtliche Einstufung und keine Beratung. Es darf nicht zur Bewertung natürlicher Personen verwendet werden. Risikoklassen sind Bänder auf einer veröffentlichten Skala, niemals Rangfolgen von Ländern oder Personen.
Institutionen und Quellen
The Nexus Consortium is stewarded by three independent not-for-profit institutions: The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), through GCRI US in Washington, DC and GCRI Canada in Ontario, with GCRI Canada as Lead Institution, Consortium Secretariat and lead contracting organisation; The Global Risks Forum (GRF); and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA). Technology, infrastructure and service providers work with the Consortium at arm’s length under written agreements, like every other external party in the public-private-planet model, and hold no role in its stewardship.
Jeder Wert trägt die Namensnennung seiner Quellen, die ihre eigenen Lizenzen behalten. Externe Namen werden nur zur Interoperabilität zitiert. Von Nexus verfasste Texte sollen bei Veröffentlichung unter CC BY 4.0 stehen.
Avis en français
La méthodologie et les définitions du NXS-GRX sont un projet de travail préparatoire (2026). Le NXS-GRX est une information de recherche et d’analyse des risques : ni notation, ni indice de référence financier, ni statistique officielle, ni alerte, ni conseil. Les classes de risque sont des bandes sur une échelle publiée, non des classements.