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The Global Risks Index
The Global Risks Index · GRX-IDX-ENV · VUL Human and systems vulnerability

Índice de pressão ambiental

0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.

Page GRX-IDX-ENVEdition Baseline Edition 2026Evidence close 2026-09-30Indicator Standard IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressureValues not yet publishedMethod v1.0.0-draft
FIG 1 · Method card
Aggregation

arithmetic

equal weights · floor 0.1 where geometric

Incerteza

1,000 draws

normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation

Estrutura

5 components

16 leaf indicators

Cobertura

60% minimum

modelled share ≤ 20%

From the Indicator Standard definition of this index.
16
leaf indicators
5
components
1,000
Monte Carlo draws
7
series read it
01Construction

From indicators to the composite

The environmental dimension of a place profile: where ecological decline is eroding health, livelihoods and natural protection against hazards.

computation
How Environmental pressure is computed
Graph24 nodes
Grafo
01Indicadores
02Sub-indices
03Domain index
04Pilar
05Composto
100%
Índice
  1. Exposição a PM2.5, média ponderada pela população
    Indicator · IND · ug/m3
    Annual mean concentration of fine particulate matter (diameter 2.5 micrometres or less) to which residents are exposed, weighting satellite- and model-derived surface concentrations by population.
  2. População exposta acima da diretriz da OMS para PM2.5, em %
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of residents living where annual mean PM2.5 exceeds the 2021 WHO air-quality guideline of 5 micrograms per cubic metre.
  3. Exposição ao pico sazonal de ozônio
    Indicator · IND · ppb
    Population-weighted mean of the highest six-month running average of daily maximum eight-hour ozone concentration, in parts per billion.
  4. Taxa anual de perda de cobertura arbórea
    Indicator · IND · %
    Area of tree cover (canopy 30% or more in the 2000 baseline) removed or killed in the year, from Landsat-based change detection, as a percentage of the 2000 tree cover area; the five-year mean is carried alongside.
  5. Terras degradadas, em % da área terrestre
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of land degraded according to the one-out-all-out combination of declining land cover, land productivity and soil organic carbon over the reporting period.
  6. Área florestal, em % da área terrestre
    Indicator · IND · %
    Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees taller than 5 metres and canopy cover above 10%, excluding land predominantly in agricultural or urban use, as a percentage of land area.
  7. Índice da Lista Vermelha
    Indicator · IND · 1
    Index from 0 (all species extinct) to 1 (all species least concern) of aggregate extinction risk across comprehensively assessed species groups, nationally disaggregated.
  8. Índice de Integridade da Biodiversidade
    Indicator · IND · 1
    Modelled average abundance of originally present species across the area relative to an undisturbed reference, from 0 to 1, based on land use and its intensity.
  9. Áreas-chave de biodiversidade cobertas por áreas protegidas
    Indicator · IND · %
    Average share of each terrestrial and freshwater key biodiversity area that lies inside protected or conserved areas, by ecosystem type.
  10. Índice de eutrofização costeira
    Indicator · IND · %
    Deviation of coastal chlorophyll-a concentration from its long-term baseline within the exclusive economic zone, from satellite ocean-colour data, as a share of the coastal area with high deviation.
  11. Acidez marinha média (pH)
    Indicator · IND · pH
    Average surface seawater pH measured at representative sampling stations in the country’s waters.
  12. Dias de onda de calor marinha por ano
    Indicator · IND · d/a
    Average annual number of days on which sea surface temperature in the country’s waters exceeds the seasonally varying 90th percentile of a 1982–2011 baseline for five or more consecutive days.
  13. Estoques pesqueiros em níveis biologicamente sustentáveis
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of assessed marine fish stocks whose abundance is at or above the level producing maximum sustainable yield.
  14. Resíduos sólidos urbanos gerados per capita
    Indicator · IND · kg/a/person
    Mass of municipal solid waste generated per resident per year, from national or city waste statistics.
  15. Resíduos sólidos urbanos geridos em instalações controladas
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of municipal solid waste generated that is collected and then managed in controlled recovery or disposal facilities.
  16. Resíduos plásticos mal geridos per capita
    Indicator · IND · kg/a/person
    Mass of plastic waste per resident per year that is littered, openly burned or disposed of in uncontrolled dumps, from waste-flow models.
  17. Air pollution sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.
  18. Land and forest degradation sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.
  19. Biodiversity status sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.
  20. Ocean condition sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%
    Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.
  21. Waste pressure sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%
    Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.
  22. Índice de pressão ambiental
    Domain index · IDX · arithmetic
    0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.
  23. Vulnerabilidade humana e dos sistemas
    Pillar · PILLAR · 8 indices
    How susceptible are people, livelihoods, ecosystems and essential systems to harm when a shock arrives?
  24. NXS-GRX (canonical data, provenance and risk) Composite Risk
    Composite · COMPOSITE · four pillars
    Composite = (HTE × VUL × MSF × LCC)^(1/4), each pillar on 0–10 floored at 0.1; pillar = expert-weighted geometric mean of its domain indices
Não executadoEm cursoConcluído
FIG 2. 16 indicators, 5 components, real Indicator Standard weights (the bar under each node is its share). Select a node to trace what it feeds and what feeds it; Simulate run plays the computation in order. Schematic of the construction; source: Indicator Standard composite definitions.
02Simulator

Run this index’s own aggregation

Set each component, change the aggregation or the weight uncertainty, and watch the interval, the class probability and each component’s contribution respond.

FIG 3 · Simulator: aggregate environmental pressure on your numbers
Components (0 to 10)
3.0
5.0
7.0
4.0
6.0
25
1
–
funciona no seu navegador
Contribution of each component (leave one out)
Simulator: the index’s published aggregation run on numbers you set, with 1,000 draws over weights and aggregation. The slider positions are starting points for the explainer, not NXS-GRX values. Simulated on your own inputs; not a measured result.
03Método

Treatment, normalisation, weighting, aggregation, uncertainty

Treatment
WINSORISE
Outlier rule
|skew| > 2, kurtosis > 3.5
Normalisation
min–max rescaling
Imputation
NONE
Coverage minimum
60% of components
Modelled share cap
20% of weight
Weighting
equal
Aggregation
arithmetic
Scale
0 to 10
Incerteza
1,000 Monte Carlo runs over normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation
Framework basis
Yale EPI 2026 (structure only); UN SEEA Ecosystem Accounting; OECD/JRC Handbook (2008)
Muito baixo0.0 a < 2.0
Baixo2.0 a < 3.5
Médio3.5 a < 5.0
Alto5.0 a < 6.5
Muito alto6.5 a 10.0
04Components

5 components, 16 indicators

Air pollution sub-index w 1

Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.

IndicadorUnidadeEvidênciasFontesParcela
Exposição a PM2.5, média ponderada pela populaçãoIND.ENV.air.pm25_exposureug/m3Class Cwb-wdi, who-ambient-air-quality-database, acag-satellite-pm25, copernicus-cams50.0%
População exposta acima da diretriz da OMS para PM2.5, em %IND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.share%Class Cwb-wdi, acag-satellite-pm25, jrc-ghsl-ghs-pop25.0%
Exposição ao pico sazonal de ozônioIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposure[ppb]Class Cstate-of-global-air, copernicus-cams, toar25.0%

Land and forest degradation sub-index w 1

Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.

IndicadorUnidadeEvidênciasFontesParcela
Taxa anual de perda de cobertura arbóreaIND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.share%Class Cgfw-umd-tree-cover-loss40.0%
Terras degradadas, em % da área terrestreIND.ENV.land.land_degradation.share%Class Cunccd-prais, trends-earth40.0%
Área florestal, em % da área terrestreIND.ENV.land.forest_cover.share%Class Bfao-fra, wb-wdi20.0%

Biodiversity status sub-index w 1

Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.

IndicadorUnidadeEvidênciasFontesParcela
Índice da Lista VermelhaIND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_index1Class Biucn-red-list, un-sdg-database33.3%
Índice de Integridade da BiodiversidadeIND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactness1Class Cnhm-predicts-bii33.3%
Áreas-chave de biodiversidade cobertas por áreas protegidasIND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.share%Class Bkba-partnership, wdpa-protected-planet, un-sdg-database33.3%

Ocean condition sub-index w 0.5

Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.

IndicadorUnidadeEvidênciasFontesParcela
Índice de eutrofização costeiraIND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophication%Class Cunep-global-environment-monitoring, copernicus-marine25.0%
Acidez marinha média (pH)IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidity[pH]Class Bioc-unesco-sdg1431-portal, socat25.0%
Dias de onda de calor marinha por anoIND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_daysd/aClass Cnoaa-oisst, copernicus-marine25.0%
Estoques pesqueiros em níveis biologicamente sustentáveisIND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.share%Class Bfao-fisheries-sofia25.0%

Waste pressure sub-index w 0.5

Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.

IndicadorUnidadeEvidênciasFontesParcela
Resíduos sólidos urbanos gerados per capitaIND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pckg/a/{person}Class Bwb-what-a-waste, unstats-environment-waste, unep-global-waste-outlook33.3%
Resíduos sólidos urbanos geridos em instalações controladasIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.share%Class Bun-habitat-waste-wise-cities, un-sdg-database33.3%
Resíduos plásticos mal geridos per capitaIND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pckg/a/{person}Class Doecd-global-plastics-outlook, peer-reviewed-plastic-flow-models33.3%
05Domínio

Meio ambiente e biodiversidade

Pollution, ecosystem condition, land and biodiversity, and nature dependence.

Sub-domainIndicadores
Qualidade do ar3
Land and forests5
Biodiversidade4
Ocean5
Pollution and waste3
Nature dependence2

Anchor frameworks (pillar structure and definitions only): Yale EPI 2026; UN SEEA; TNFD; ESRS E2-E5; SDG 14, 15.

06Indicadores

All 22 environment and biodiversity indicators

FIG 4 · Indicators in scope, by domain and sub-domain
ENV · 22
Area is the number of indicator definitions; colour is the pillar the domain feeds (Macroeconomy and Space feed through their indices). Select a block to filter the table. Source: Indicator Standard Nexus Indicator Standard register.
IndicadorDomínioSub-domainComponenteUnidadeNíveisCrosswalks
Exposição a PM2.5, média ponderada pela populaçãoIND.ENV.air.pm25_exposureENVQualidade do arhazardug/m3COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRIDWB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 SDG 11.6.2 EPI PMD
População exposta acima da diretriz da OMS para PM2.5, em %IND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.shareENVQualidade do arexposure%COUNTRY, ADM1, CITYWB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS
Exposição ao pico sazonal de ozônioIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposureENVQualidade do arhazard[ppb]COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID
Área terrestreIND.ENV.land.land_areaENVLand and forestscontextkm2COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITYWB_WDI AG.LND.TOTL.K2
Área florestal, em % da área terrestreIND.ENV.land.forest_cover.shareENVLand and forestsvulnerability%COUNTRY, ADM1SDG 15.1.1 WB_WDI AG.LND.FRST.ZS
Taxa anual de perda de cobertura arbóreaIND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.shareENVLand and forestshazard%COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, GRIDEPI TCL
Terras degradadas, em % da área terrestreIND.ENV.land.land_degradation.shareENVLand and forestshazard%COUNTRY, ADM1, GRIDSDG 15.3.1
Densidade rodoviáriaIND.ENV.land.road_densityENVLand and forestshazardkm/km2COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID
Índice da Lista VermelhaIND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_indexENVBiodiversidadevulnerability1GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRYSDG 15.5.1
Índice de Integridade da BiodiversidadeIND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactnessENVBiodiversidadevulnerability1COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID
Áreas protegidas terrestres, em % da área terrestreIND.ENV.biodiversity.terrestrial_protected.shareENVBiodiversidaderesponse%COUNTRY, ADM1WB_WDI ER.LND.PTLD.ZS
Áreas-chave de biodiversidade cobertas por áreas protegidasIND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.shareENVBiodiversidaderesponse%COUNTRY, REGIONSDG 15.1.2
Áreas marinhas protegidas, em % das águas territoriaisIND.ENV.ocean.marine_protected.shareENVOceanresponse%COUNTRYWB_WDI ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS SDG 14.5.1
Índice de eutrofização costeiraIND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophicationENVOceanhazard%COUNTRY, REGIONSDG 14.1.1
Acidez marinha média (pH)IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidityENVOceanhazard[pH]COUNTRY, REGION, SITESDG 14.3.1
Estoques pesqueiros em níveis biologicamente sustentáveisIND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.shareENVOceanvulnerability%GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRYSDG 14.4.1
Dias de onda de calor marinha por anoIND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_daysENVOceanhazardd/aCOUNTRY, REGION, GRIDUNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0708
Resíduos sólidos urbanos gerados per capitaIND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pcENVPollution and wastehazardkg/a/{person}COUNTRY, CITY
Resíduos sólidos urbanos geridos em instalações controladasIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.shareENVPollution and wastecoping capacity%COUNTRY, CITYSDG 11.6.1 EPI MSW
Resíduos plásticos mal geridos per capitaIND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pcENVPollution and wastehazardkg/a/{person}COUNTRY, ADM1
PIB em setores altamente dependentes da natureza, em %IND.ENV.nature_dependence.nature_dependent_gdp.shareENVNature dependenceexposure%COUNTRY, PORTFOLIO
Valor da produção agrícola dependente da polinização animal, em %IND.ENV.nature_dependence.pollinator_dependent_crops.shareENVNature dependenceexposure%COUNTRY, ADM1
07Cotação

Environmental pressure index, world

The world reading of this index, every country as a tile and the largest movements since the previous edition.

NXS-GRX · ENV · 195 profiles · 0–10 scale
Environmental pressure index, world
–
Os valores são publicados com a edição; o intervalo, a classe e a variação aparecem aqui.
Edição anterior
–
Range since 2016
–
Composto acoplado
–
Pontuação de acoplamento S
–
Pulse, última semana
–
Outlook, 12 months
–
Método
Indicator Standard 1.0 · NXS-GRX 2026
Sorteios
1,000
Environmental pressure index, world, by edition

Ainda não há valores publicados. A primeira edição traça aqui o histórico com a faixa do intervalo e os limites de classe.

The line is the point value by edition; the band is the 90% interval; dashed lines are the class bounds at 2, 3.5, 5 and 6.5.
Ainda não há variações. As alterações desde a edição anterior serão listadas aqui a partir da segunda edição, com os indicadores que as motivaram.
08Valores

Country values

FIG 5 · Environmental pressure index: countries (values when released)
Carregando o mapa
AndorraAntígua e BarbudaBahreinBarbadosComoresCabo VerdeDominicaMicronésia (Estados Federados da)GranadaQuiribátiSão Cristóvão e NévisSanta LúciaListenstaineMônacoMaldivasIlhas MarshallMaltaMaurícioNauruPalauSingapuraSan MarinoSão Tomé e PríncipeSeichelesTongaTuvaluSanta SéSão Vicente e GranadinasSamoa
Equal Earth · Natural Earth 1:110mValues when released
Until the first edition is released the map shows UN M49 regions or the Nexus Reports edition; it then shows this index’s classes with each country’s interval on hover. Countries are listed by name, never ordered by value.
Blocos
/api/v1/public/grix/risk-products/tiles/env/{z}/{x}/{y}.mvt
Chave de observação
nis:IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressure:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A
10Validity

Crosswalks and validity checks

Crosswalks map leaf indicators to source code lists; established indices are used for validity checks, never re-weighted as inputs.

Code systemLeaf indicators mapped
SDG9
WB_WDI3
EPI3
UNDRR_HIPS_20251
11Em todo o Nexus

Platforms, standards and ways to take part

Field and service platforms of GCRI, GRF and GRA, the Nexus Risk Standards for this domain, learning, working groups and open calls. Every link is a live page.

12Citar

Citar e reutilizar

GCRI Canada (2026). The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX): Environmental pressure index (GRX-IDX-ENV), Baseline Edition 2026. Preparatory working draft. https://risksindex.com/indices/environmental-pressure/ UNI NXS-GRX-AR-000120.

See this index in every country profile

Each profile shows this index with its interval and class once released.