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Global Risks Index
The Global Risks Index · GRX-IDX-ENV · VUL Human and systems vulnerability

Environmental pressure index

0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.

Page GRX-IDX-ENVEdition Baseline Edition 2026Evidence close 2026-09-30Indicator Standard IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressureValues not yet publishedMethod v1.0.0-draft
FIG 1 · Method card
Aggregation

arithmetic

equal weights · floor 0.1 where geometric

نادڵنیایی

1,000 draws

normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation

پێکهاتە

5 components

16 leaf indicators

چوارچێوە

60% minimum

modelled share ≤ 20%

From the Indicator Standard definition of this index.
16
leaf indicators
5
components
1,000
Monte Carlo draws
7
series read it
01Construction

From indicators to the composite

The environmental dimension of a place profile: where ecological decline is eroding health, livelihoods and natural protection against hazards.

computation
How Environmental pressure is computed
Graph24 nodes
گراف
01نیشاندەرەکان
02Sub-indices
03Domain index
04Pillar
05لێکدراو
100%
لیست
  1. ڕووبەڕووبوون بە PM2.5، تێکڕای کێشکراو بەپێی دانیشتوان
    Indicator · IND · ug/m3
    Annual mean concentration of fine particulate matter (diameter 2.5 micrometres or less) to which residents are exposed, weighting satellite- and model-derived surface concentrations by population.
  2. دانیشتوانی ڕووبەڕووی PM2.5 لە سەرووی ڕێنمایی WHO، ڕێژە
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of residents living where annual mean PM2.5 exceeds the 2021 WHO air-quality guideline of 5 micrograms per cubic metre.
  3. بەرزترین ڕووبەڕووبوونی وەرزیی ئۆزۆن
    Indicator · IND · ppb
    Population-weighted mean of the highest six-month running average of daily maximum eight-hour ozone concentration, in parts per billion.
  4. ڕێژەی ساڵانەی لەدەستدانی داپۆشراوی دار
    Indicator · IND · %
    Area of tree cover (canopy 30% or more in the 2000 baseline) removed or killed in the year, from Landsat-based change detection, as a percentage of the 2000 tree cover area; the five-year mean is carried alongside.
  5. زەویی داڕماو، ڕێژە لە ڕووبەری وشکانی
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of land degraded according to the one-out-all-out combination of declining land cover, land productivity and soil organic carbon over the reporting period.
  6. ڕووبەری دارستان، ڕێژە لە ڕووبەری وشکانی
    Indicator · IND · %
    Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees taller than 5 metres and canopy cover above 10%, excluding land predominantly in agricultural or urban use, as a percentage of land area.
  7. نیشاندەری لیستی سوور
    Indicator · IND · 1
    Index from 0 (all species extinct) to 1 (all species least concern) of aggregate extinction risk across comprehensively assessed species groups, nationally disaggregated.
  8. نیشاندەری دەستلێنەدراوێتیی فرەجۆریی زیندەوەری
    Indicator · IND · 1
    Modelled average abundance of originally present species across the area relative to an undisturbed reference, from 0 to 1, based on land use and its intensity.
  9. ناوچە سەرەکییەکانی فرەجۆریی زیندەوەری کە ناوچەی پارێزراو دایانپۆشیوە
    Indicator · IND · %
    Average share of each terrestrial and freshwater key biodiversity area that lies inside protected or conserved areas, by ecosystem type.
  10. نیشاندەری خۆراکزیادبوونی کەناراو
    Indicator · IND · %
    Deviation of coastal chlorophyll-a concentration from its long-term baseline within the exclusive economic zone, from satellite ocean-colour data, as a share of the coastal area with high deviation.
  11. تێکڕای ترشێتیی دەریا (pH)
    Indicator · IND · pH
    Average surface seawater pH measured at representative sampling stations in the country’s waters.
  12. ڕۆژانی شەپۆلی گەرمای دەریایی لە ساڵێکدا
    Indicator · IND · d/a
    Average annual number of days on which sea surface temperature in the country’s waters exceeds the seasonally varying 90th percentile of a 1982–2011 baseline for five or more consecutive days.
  13. کۆی ماسی لە ئاستە بەردەوامە بایۆلۆجییەکاندا
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of assessed marine fish stocks whose abundance is at or above the level producing maximum sustainable yield.
  14. پاشەڕۆی ڕەقی شارەوانی بۆ هەر تاکێک
    Indicator · IND · kg/a/person
    Mass of municipal solid waste generated per resident per year, from national or city waste statistics.
  15. پاشەڕۆی ڕەقی شارەوانی کە لە دامەزراوەی کۆنترۆڵکراودا بەڕێوە دەبرێت
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of municipal solid waste generated that is collected and then managed in controlled recovery or disposal facilities.
  16. پاشەڕۆی پلاستیکیی خراپ بەڕێوەبراو بۆ هەر تاکێک
    Indicator · IND · kg/a/person
    Mass of plastic waste per resident per year that is littered, openly burned or disposed of in uncontrolled dumps, from waste-flow models.
  17. Air pollution sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.
  18. Land and forest degradation sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.
  19. Biodiversity status sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.
  20. Ocean condition sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%
    Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.
  21. Waste pressure sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%
    Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.
  22. Environmental pressure index
    Domain index · IDX · arithmetic
    0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.
  23. Human and systems vulnerability
    Pillar · PILLAR · 8 indices
    How susceptible are people, livelihoods, ecosystems and essential systems to harm when a shock arrives?
  24. NXS-GRX (canonical data, provenance and risk) Composite Risk
    Composite · COMPOSITE · four pillars
    Composite = (HTE × VUL × MSF × LCC)^(1/4), each pillar on 0–10 floored at 0.1; pillar = expert-weighted geometric mean of its domain indices
Not runلە ئەنجامداندایەتەواو بوو
FIG 2. 16 indicators, 5 components, real Indicator Standard weights (the bar under each node is its share). Select a node to trace what it feeds and what feeds it; Simulate run plays the computation in order. Schematic of the construction; source: Indicator Standard composite definitions.
02Simulator

Run this index’s own aggregation

Set each component, change the aggregation or the weight uncertainty, and watch the interval, the class probability and each component’s contribution respond.

FIG 3 · Simulator: aggregate environmental pressure on your numbers
Components (0 to 10)
3.0
5.0
7.0
4.0
6.0
25
1
–
runs in your browser
Contribution of each component (leave one out)
Simulator: the index’s published aggregation run on numbers you set, with 1,000 draws over weights and aggregation. The slider positions are starting points for the explainer, not NXS-GRX values. Simulated on your own inputs; not a measured result.
03ڕێباز

Treatment, normalisation, weighting, aggregation, uncertainty

Treatment
WINSORISE
Outlier rule
|skew| > 2, kurtosis > 3.5
Normalisation
min–max rescaling
Imputation
NONE
Coverage minimum
60% of components
Modelled share cap
20% of weight
Weighting
equal
Aggregation
arithmetic
Scale
0 to 10
نادڵنیایی
1,000 Monte Carlo runs over normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation
Framework basis
Yale EPI 2026 (structure only); UN SEEA Ecosystem Accounting; OECD/JRC Handbook (2008)
Very low0.0 to < 2.0
Low2.0 to < 3.5
Medium3.5 to < 5.0
High5.0 to < 6.5
زۆر بەرز6.5 تا 10.0
04Components

5 components, 16 indicators

Air pollution sub-index w 1

Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.

نیشاندەریەکەبەڵگەسەرچاوەکانڕێژە
ڕووبەڕووبوون بە PM2.5، تێکڕای کێشکراو بەپێی دانیشتوانIND.ENV.air.pm25_exposureug/m3Class Cwb-wdi, who-ambient-air-quality-database, acag-satellite-pm25, copernicus-cams50.0%
دانیشتوانی ڕووبەڕووی PM2.5 لە سەرووی ڕێنمایی WHO، ڕێژەIND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.share%Class Cwb-wdi, acag-satellite-pm25, jrc-ghsl-ghs-pop25.0%
بەرزترین ڕووبەڕووبوونی وەرزیی ئۆزۆنIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposure[ppb]Class Cstate-of-global-air, copernicus-cams, toar25.0%

Land and forest degradation sub-index w 1

Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.

نیشاندەریەکەبەڵگەسەرچاوەکانڕێژە
ڕێژەی ساڵانەی لەدەستدانی داپۆشراوی دارIND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.share%Class Cgfw-umd-tree-cover-loss40.0%
زەویی داڕماو، ڕێژە لە ڕووبەری وشکانیIND.ENV.land.land_degradation.share%Class Cunccd-prais, trends-earth40.0%
ڕووبەری دارستان، ڕێژە لە ڕووبەری وشکانیIND.ENV.land.forest_cover.share%Class Bfao-fra, wb-wdi20.0%

Biodiversity status sub-index w 1

Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.

نیشاندەریەکەبەڵگەسەرچاوەکانڕێژە
نیشاندەری لیستی سوورIND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_index1Class Biucn-red-list, un-sdg-database33.3%
نیشاندەری دەستلێنەدراوێتیی فرەجۆریی زیندەوەریIND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactness1Class Cnhm-predicts-bii33.3%
ناوچە سەرەکییەکانی فرەجۆریی زیندەوەری کە ناوچەی پارێزراو دایانپۆشیوەIND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.share%Class Bkba-partnership, wdpa-protected-planet, un-sdg-database33.3%

Ocean condition sub-index w 0.5

Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.

نیشاندەریەکەبەڵگەسەرچاوەکانڕێژە
نیشاندەری خۆراکزیادبوونی کەناراوIND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophication%Class Cunep-global-environment-monitoring, copernicus-marine25.0%
تێکڕای ترشێتیی دەریا (pH)IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidity[pH]Class Bioc-unesco-sdg1431-portal, socat25.0%
ڕۆژانی شەپۆلی گەرمای دەریایی لە ساڵێکداIND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_daysd/aClass Cnoaa-oisst, copernicus-marine25.0%
کۆی ماسی لە ئاستە بەردەوامە بایۆلۆجییەکانداIND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.share%Class Bfao-fisheries-sofia25.0%

Waste pressure sub-index w 0.5

Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.

نیشاندەریەکەبەڵگەسەرچاوەکانڕێژە
پاشەڕۆی ڕەقی شارەوانی بۆ هەر تاکێکIND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pckg/a/{person}Class Bwb-what-a-waste, unstats-environment-waste, unep-global-waste-outlook33.3%
پاشەڕۆی ڕەقی شارەوانی کە لە دامەزراوەی کۆنترۆڵکراودا بەڕێوە دەبرێتIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.share%Class Bun-habitat-waste-wise-cities, un-sdg-database33.3%
پاشەڕۆی پلاستیکیی خراپ بەڕێوەبراو بۆ هەر تاکێکIND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pckg/a/{person}Class Doecd-global-plastics-outlook, peer-reviewed-plastic-flow-models33.3%
05بوار

Environment and biodiversity

Pollution, ecosystem condition, land and biodiversity, and nature dependence.

Sub-domainنیشاندەرەکان
Air quality3
Land and forests5
فرەجۆریی زیندەوەری4
Ocean5
Pollution and waste3
Nature dependence2

Anchor frameworks (pillar structure and definitions only): Yale EPI 2026; UN SEEA; TNFD; ESRS E2-E5; SDG 14, 15.

06نیشاندەرەکان

All 22 environment and biodiversity indicators

FIG 4 · Indicators in scope, by domain and sub-domain
ENV · 22
Area is the number of indicator definitions; colour is the pillar the domain feeds (Macroeconomy and Space feed through their indices). Select a block to filter the table. Source: Indicator Standard Nexus Indicator Standard register.
نیشاندەربوارSub-domainComponentیەکەئاستەکانCrosswalks
ڕووبەڕووبوون بە PM2.5، تێکڕای کێشکراو بەپێی دانیشتوانIND.ENV.air.pm25_exposureENVAir qualityhazardug/m3COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRIDWB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 SDG 11.6.2 EPI PMD
دانیشتوانی ڕووبەڕووی PM2.5 لە سەرووی ڕێنمایی WHO، ڕێژەIND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.shareENVAir qualityexposure%COUNTRY, ADM1, CITYWB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS
بەرزترین ڕووبەڕووبوونی وەرزیی ئۆزۆنIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposureENVAir qualityhazard[ppb]COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID
ڕووبەری وشکانیIND.ENV.land.land_areaENVLand and forestscontextkm2COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITYWB_WDI AG.LND.TOTL.K2
ڕووبەری دارستان، ڕێژە لە ڕووبەری وشکانیIND.ENV.land.forest_cover.shareENVLand and forestsvulnerability%COUNTRY, ADM1SDG 15.1.1 WB_WDI AG.LND.FRST.ZS
ڕێژەی ساڵانەی لەدەستدانی داپۆشراوی دارIND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.shareENVLand and forestshazard%COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, GRIDEPI TCL
زەویی داڕماو، ڕێژە لە ڕووبەری وشکانیIND.ENV.land.land_degradation.shareENVLand and forestshazard%COUNTRY, ADM1, GRIDSDG 15.3.1
چڕیی ڕێگاوبانIND.ENV.land.road_densityENVLand and forestshazardkm/km2COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID
نیشاندەری لیستی سوورIND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_indexENVفرەجۆریی زیندەوەریvulnerability1GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRYSDG 15.5.1
نیشاندەری دەستلێنەدراوێتیی فرەجۆریی زیندەوەریIND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactnessENVفرەجۆریی زیندەوەریvulnerability1COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID
ناوچە پارێزراوە وشکانییەکان، ڕێژە لە ڕووبەری وشکانیIND.ENV.biodiversity.terrestrial_protected.shareENVفرەجۆریی زیندەوەریresponse%COUNTRY, ADM1WB_WDI ER.LND.PTLD.ZS
ناوچە سەرەکییەکانی فرەجۆریی زیندەوەری کە ناوچەی پارێزراو دایانپۆشیوەIND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.shareENVفرەجۆریی زیندەوەریresponse%COUNTRY, REGIONSDG 15.1.2
ناوچە پارێزراوە دەریاییەکان، ڕێژە لە ئاوە هەرێمییەکانIND.ENV.ocean.marine_protected.shareENVOceanresponse%COUNTRYWB_WDI ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS SDG 14.5.1
نیشاندەری خۆراکزیادبوونی کەناراوIND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophicationENVOceanhazard%COUNTRY, REGIONSDG 14.1.1
تێکڕای ترشێتیی دەریا (pH)IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidityENVOceanhazard[pH]COUNTRY, REGION, SITESDG 14.3.1
کۆی ماسی لە ئاستە بەردەوامە بایۆلۆجییەکانداIND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.shareENVOceanvulnerability%GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRYSDG 14.4.1
ڕۆژانی شەپۆلی گەرمای دەریایی لە ساڵێکداIND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_daysENVOceanhazardd/aCOUNTRY, REGION, GRIDUNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0708
پاشەڕۆی ڕەقی شارەوانی بۆ هەر تاکێکIND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pcENVPollution and wastehazardkg/a/{person}COUNTRY, CITY
پاشەڕۆی ڕەقی شارەوانی کە لە دامەزراوەی کۆنترۆڵکراودا بەڕێوە دەبرێتIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.shareENVPollution and wastecoping capacity%COUNTRY, CITYSDG 11.6.1 EPI MSW
پاشەڕۆی پلاستیکیی خراپ بەڕێوەبراو بۆ هەر تاکێکIND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pcENVPollution and wastehazardkg/a/{person}COUNTRY, ADM1
GDP لە کەرتە زۆر پشتبەستووەکان بە سروشت، ڕێژەIND.ENV.nature_dependence.nature_dependent_gdp.shareENVNature dependenceexposure%COUNTRY, PORTFOLIO
بەهای بەرهەمی کشتوکاڵیی پشتبەستوو بە پیتاندنی ئاژەڵی، ڕێژەIND.ENV.nature_dependence.pollinator_dependent_crops.shareENVNature dependenceexposure%COUNTRY, ADM1
07Quote

Environmental pressure index, world

The world reading of this index, every country as a tile and the largest movements since the previous edition.

NXS-GRX · ENV · 195 profiles · 0–10 scale
Environmental pressure index, world
–
Values publish with the edition; the interval, class and change appear here.
Previous edition
–
Range since 2016
–
Coupled composite
–
Coupling score S
–
Pulse, latest week
–
Outlook, 12 months
–
ڕێباز
Indicator Standard 1.0 · NXS-GRX 2026
Draws
1,000
Environmental pressure index, world, by edition

No released values yet. The first edition draws the history here with its interval band and class bounds.

The line is the point value by edition; the band is the 90% interval; dashed lines are the class bounds at 2, 3.5, 5 and 6.5.
No movements yet. Changes since the previous edition are listed here from the second edition on, with the indicators that drove them.
08بەهاکان

Country values

FIG 5 · Environmental pressure index: countries (values when released)
نەخشەکە باردەکرێت
ئەندۆرائەنتیگوا و باربودابەحرەینباربادۆسدوورگەکانی قەمەرکەیپ ڤێرددۆمینیکامایکرۆنیزیا (دەوڵەتە فیدراڵەکانی)گریناداکیریباتیسەینت کیتس و نێڤیسسەینت لووسیالیختنشتاینمۆناکۆمالدیڤدوورگەکانی مارشاڵماڵتامۆریشیۆسنائورووپالاوسەنگاپوورسان مارینۆسائۆ تۆمێ و پرینسیپیسیشێلتۆنگاتووڤالووڤاتیکانسەینت ڤینسێنت و گرینادینزساموا
Equal Earth · Natural Earth 1:110mValues when released
Until the first edition is released the map shows UN M49 regions or the Nexus Reports edition; it then shows this index’s classes with each country’s interval on hover. Countries are listed by name, never ordered by value.
Tiles
/api/v1/public/grix/risk-products/tiles/env/{z}/{x}/{y}.mvt
ڕێنمای چاودێری
nis:IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressure:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A
10Validity

Crosswalks and validity checks

Crosswalks map leaf indicators to source code lists; established indices are used for validity checks, never re-weighted as inputs.

Code systemLeaf indicators mapped
SDG9
WB_WDI3
EPI3
UNDRR_HIPS_20251
11Across the Nexus

Platforms, standards and ways to take part

Field and service platforms of GCRI, GRF and GRA, the Nexus Risk Standards for this domain, learning, working groups and open calls. Every link is a live page.

12ئاماژەپێدان

ئاماژەپێدان و بەکارهێنانەوە

GCRI Canada (2026). The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX): Environmental pressure index (GRX-IDX-ENV), Baseline Edition 2026. Preparatory working draft. https://risksindex.com/indices/environmental-pressure/ UNI NXS-GRX-AR-000120.

See this index in every country profile

Each profile shows this index with its interval and class once released.