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The Global Risks Index
The Global Risks Index · GRX-IDX-ENV · VUL Human and systems vulnerability

Environmental pressure index

0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.

Construction Simulator Indicators
Page GRX-IDX-ENVEdition Baseline Edition 2026Evidence close 2026-09-30Indicator Standard IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressureValues not yet publishedMethod v1.0.0-draft
FIG 1 · Method card
Aggregation

arithmetic

equal weights · floor 0.1 where geometric

Nediyarî

1,000 draws

normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation

Avahî

5 components

16 leaf indicators

Vegirtin

60% minimum

modelled share ≤ 20%

From the Indicator Standard definition of this index.
16
leaf indicators
5
components
1,000
Monte Carlo draws
7
series read it
01Construction

From indicators to the composite

The environmental dimension of a place profile: where ecological decline is eroding health, livelihoods and natural protection against hazards.

computation
How Environmental pressure is computed
Graph24 nodes
Grafîk
01Nîşander
02Sub-indices
03Domain index
04Pillar
05Pêkhatî
100%
Lîste
  1. Rûbirûbûna PM2.5, navgîniya li gorî nifûsê
    Indicator · IND · ug/m3
    Annual mean concentration of fine particulate matter (diameter 2.5 micrometres or less) to which residents are exposed, weighting satellite- and model-derived surface concentrations by population.
  2. Nifûsa li ser rêbera PM2.5 ya WHO, para
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of residents living where annual mean PM2.5 exceeds the 2021 WHO air-quality guideline of 5 micrograms per cubic metre.
  3. Rûbirûbûna ozonê ya herî bilind a demsalî
    Indicator · IND · ppb
    Population-weighted mean of the highest six-month running average of daily maximum eight-hour ozone concentration, in parts per billion.
  4. Rêjeya salane ya windabûna daran
    Indicator · IND · %
    Area of tree cover (canopy 30% or more in the 2000 baseline) removed or killed in the year, from Landsat-based change detection, as a percentage of the 2000 tree cover area; the five-year mean is carried alongside.
  5. Erda xirabbûyî, para rûerda bejahiyê
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of land degraded according to the one-out-all-out combination of declining land cover, land productivity and soil organic carbon over the reporting period.
  6. Rûerda daristanê, para rûerda bejahiyê
    Indicator · IND · %
    Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees taller than 5 metres and canopy cover above 10%, excluding land predominantly in agricultural or urban use, as a percentage of land area.
  7. Îndeksa Lîsteya Sor
    Indicator · IND · 1
    Index from 0 (all species extinct) to 1 (all species least concern) of aggregate extinction risk across comprehensively assessed species groups, nationally disaggregated.
  8. Îndeksa Tevahîbûna Cûrbecûrbûna Jîndaran
    Indicator · IND · 1
    Modelled average abundance of originally present species across the area relative to an undisturbed reference, from 0 to 1, based on land use and its intensity.
  9. Herêmên girîng ên cûrbecûrbûna jîndaran ku ji aliyê herêmên parastî ve têne pêgirtin
    Indicator · IND · %
    Average share of each terrestrial and freshwater key biodiversity area that lies inside protected or conserved areas, by ecosystem type.
  10. Îndeksa ewtrofîkasyona peravê
    Indicator · IND · %
    Deviation of coastal chlorophyll-a concentration from its long-term baseline within the exclusive economic zone, from satellite ocean-colour data, as a share of the coastal area with high deviation.
  11. Navgîniya asîdîtiya deryayê (pH)
    Indicator · IND · pH
    Average surface seawater pH measured at representative sampling stations in the country’s waters.
  12. Rojên pêla germê ya deryayî di salê de
    Indicator · IND · d/a
    Average annual number of days on which sea surface temperature in the country’s waters exceeds the seasonally varying 90th percentile of a 1982–2011 baseline for five or more consecutive days.
  13. Stokên masiyan di nav astên bîyolojîk ên domdar de
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of assessed marine fish stocks whose abundance is at or above the level producing maximum sustainable yield.
  14. Bermahiyên hişk ên şaredariyê ji bo her kesî
    Indicator · IND · kg/a/person
    Mass of municipal solid waste generated per resident per year, from national or city waste statistics.
  15. Bermahiyên hişk ên şaredariyê ku di saziyên kontrolkirî de têne birêvebirin
    Indicator · IND · %
    Share of municipal solid waste generated that is collected and then managed in controlled recovery or disposal facilities.
  16. Bermahiyên plastîk ên xirab birêvebirî ji bo her kesî
    Indicator · IND · kg/a/person
    Mass of plastic waste per resident per year that is littered, openly burned or disposed of in uncontrolled dumps, from waste-flow models.
  17. Air pollution sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.
  18. Land and forest degradation sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.
  19. Biodiversity status sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%
    Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.
  20. Ocean condition sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%
    Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.
  21. Waste pressure sub-index
    Sub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%
    Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.
  22. Environmental pressure index
    Domain index · IDX · arithmetic
    0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.
  23. Human and systems vulnerability
    Pillar · PILLAR · 8 indices
    How susceptible are people, livelihoods, ecosystems and essential systems to harm when a shock arrives?
  24. NXS-GRX (canonical data, provenance and risk) Composite Risk
    Composite · COMPOSITE · four pillars
    Composite = (HTE × VUL × MSF × LCC)^(1/4), each pillar on 0–10 floored at 0.1; pillar = expert-weighted geometric mean of its domain indices
Not runDi pêvajoyê deQediya
FIG 2. 16 indicators, 5 components, real Indicator Standard weights (the bar under each node is its share). Select a node to trace what it feeds and what feeds it; Simulate run plays the computation in order. Schematic of the construction; source: Indicator Standard composite definitions.
02Simulator

Run this index’s own aggregation

Set each component, change the aggregation or the weight uncertainty, and watch the interval, the class probability and each component’s contribution respond.

FIG 3 · Simulator: aggregate environmental pressure on your numbers
Components (0 to 10)
3.0
5.0
7.0
4.0
6.0
25
1
–
runs in your browser
Contribution of each component (leave one out)
Simulator: the index’s published aggregation run on numbers you set, with 1,000 draws over weights and aggregation. The slider positions are starting points for the explainer, not NXS-GRX values. Simulated on your own inputs; not a measured result.
03Rêbaz

Treatment, normalisation, weighting, aggregation, uncertainty

Treatment
WINSORISE
Outlier rule
|skew| > 2, kurtosis > 3.5
Normalisation
min–max rescaling
Imputation
NONE
Coverage minimum
60% of components
Modelled share cap
20% of weight
Weighting
equal
Aggregation
arithmetic
Scale
0 to 10
Nediyarî
1,000 Monte Carlo runs over normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation
Framework basis
Yale EPI 2026 (structure only); UN SEEA Ecosystem Accounting; OECD/JRC Handbook (2008)
Very low0.0 to < 2.0
Low2.0 to < 3.5
Medium3.5 to < 5.0
High5.0 to < 6.5
Very high6.5 to 10.0
04Components

5 components, 16 indicators

Air pollution sub-index w 1

Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.

NîşanderYekîneDelîlÇavkanîPar
Rûbirûbûna PM2.5, navgîniya li gorî nifûsêIND.ENV.air.pm25_exposureug/m3Class Cwb-wdi, who-ambient-air-quality-database, acag-satellite-pm25, copernicus-cams50.0%
Nifûsa li ser rêbera PM2.5 ya WHO, paraIND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.share%Class Cwb-wdi, acag-satellite-pm25, jrc-ghsl-ghs-pop25.0%
Rûbirûbûna ozonê ya herî bilind a demsalîIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposure[ppb]Class Cstate-of-global-air, copernicus-cams, toar25.0%

Land and forest degradation sub-index w 1

Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.

NîşanderYekîneDelîlÇavkanîPar
Rêjeya salane ya windabûna daranIND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.share%Class Cgfw-umd-tree-cover-loss40.0%
Erda xirabbûyî, para rûerda bejahiyêIND.ENV.land.land_degradation.share%Class Cunccd-prais, trends-earth40.0%
Rûerda daristanê, para rûerda bejahiyêIND.ENV.land.forest_cover.share%Class Bfao-fra, wb-wdi20.0%

Biodiversity status sub-index w 1

Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.

NîşanderYekîneDelîlÇavkanîPar
Îndeksa Lîsteya SorIND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_index1Class Biucn-red-list, un-sdg-database33.3%
Îndeksa Tevahîbûna Cûrbecûrbûna JîndaranIND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactness1Class Cnhm-predicts-bii33.3%
Herêmên girîng ên cûrbecûrbûna jîndaran ku ji aliyê herêmên parastî ve têne pêgirtinIND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.share%Class Bkba-partnership, wdpa-protected-planet, un-sdg-database33.3%

Ocean condition sub-index w 0.5

Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.

NîşanderYekîneDelîlÇavkanîPar
Îndeksa ewtrofîkasyona peravêIND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophication%Class Cunep-global-environment-monitoring, copernicus-marine25.0%
Navgîniya asîdîtiya deryayê (pH)IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidity[pH]Class Bioc-unesco-sdg1431-portal, socat25.0%
Rojên pêla germê ya deryayî di salê deIND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_daysd/aClass Cnoaa-oisst, copernicus-marine25.0%
Stokên masiyan di nav astên bîyolojîk ên domdar deIND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.share%Class Bfao-fisheries-sofia25.0%

Waste pressure sub-index w 0.5

Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.

NîşanderYekîneDelîlÇavkanîPar
Bermahiyên hişk ên şaredariyê ji bo her kesîIND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pckg/a/{person}Class Bwb-what-a-waste, unstats-environment-waste, unep-global-waste-outlook33.3%
Bermahiyên hişk ên şaredariyê ku di saziyên kontrolkirî de têne birêvebirinIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.share%Class Bun-habitat-waste-wise-cities, un-sdg-database33.3%
Bermahiyên plastîk ên xirab birêvebirî ji bo her kesîIND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pckg/a/{person}Class Doecd-global-plastics-outlook, peer-reviewed-plastic-flow-models33.3%
05Qad

Environment and biodiversity

Pollution, ecosystem condition, land and biodiversity, and nature dependence.

Sub-domainNîşander
Air quality3
Land and forests5
Cûrbecûrbûna jîndaran4
Ocean5
Pollution and waste3
Nature dependence2

Anchor frameworks (pillar structure and definitions only): Yale EPI 2026; UN SEEA; TNFD; ESRS E2-E5; SDG 14, 15.

06Nîşander

All 22 environment and biodiversity indicators

FIG 4 · Indicators in scope, by domain and sub-domain
ENV · 22
Area is the number of indicator definitions; colour is the pillar the domain feeds (Macroeconomy and Space feed through their indices). Select a block to filter the table. Source: Indicator Standard Nexus Indicator Standard register.
NîşanderQadSub-domainComponentYekîneAstCrosswalks
Rûbirûbûna PM2.5, navgîniya li gorî nifûsêIND.ENV.air.pm25_exposureENVAir qualityhazardug/m3COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRIDWB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 SDG 11.6.2 EPI PMD
Nifûsa li ser rêbera PM2.5 ya WHO, paraIND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.shareENVAir qualityexposure%COUNTRY, ADM1, CITYWB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS
Rûbirûbûna ozonê ya herî bilind a demsalîIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposureENVAir qualityhazard[ppb]COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID
Rûerda bejahiyêIND.ENV.land.land_areaENVLand and forestscontextkm2COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITYWB_WDI AG.LND.TOTL.K2
Rûerda daristanê, para rûerda bejahiyêIND.ENV.land.forest_cover.shareENVLand and forestsvulnerability%COUNTRY, ADM1SDG 15.1.1 WB_WDI AG.LND.FRST.ZS
Rêjeya salane ya windabûna daranIND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.shareENVLand and forestshazard%COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, GRIDEPI TCL
Erda xirabbûyî, para rûerda bejahiyêIND.ENV.land.land_degradation.shareENVLand and forestshazard%COUNTRY, ADM1, GRIDSDG 15.3.1
Çirbûna rêyanIND.ENV.land.road_densityENVLand and forestshazardkm/km2COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID
Îndeksa Lîsteya SorIND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_indexENVCûrbecûrbûna jîndaranvulnerability1GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRYSDG 15.5.1
Îndeksa Tevahîbûna Cûrbecûrbûna JîndaranIND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactnessENVCûrbecûrbûna jîndaranvulnerability1COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID
Herêmên parastî yên bejahiyê, para rûerda bejahiyêIND.ENV.biodiversity.terrestrial_protected.shareENVCûrbecûrbûna jîndaranresponse%COUNTRY, ADM1WB_WDI ER.LND.PTLD.ZS
Herêmên girîng ên cûrbecûrbûna jîndaran ku ji aliyê herêmên parastî ve têne pêgirtinIND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.shareENVCûrbecûrbûna jîndaranresponse%COUNTRY, REGIONSDG 15.1.2
Herêmên parastî yên deryayî, para avên herêmîIND.ENV.ocean.marine_protected.shareENVOceanresponse%COUNTRYWB_WDI ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS SDG 14.5.1
Îndeksa ewtrofîkasyona peravêIND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophicationENVOceanhazard%COUNTRY, REGIONSDG 14.1.1
Navgîniya asîdîtiya deryayê (pH)IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidityENVOceanhazard[pH]COUNTRY, REGION, SITESDG 14.3.1
Stokên masiyan di nav astên bîyolojîk ên domdar deIND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.shareENVOceanvulnerability%GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRYSDG 14.4.1
Rojên pêla germê ya deryayî di salê deIND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_daysENVOceanhazardd/aCOUNTRY, REGION, GRIDUNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0708
Bermahiyên hişk ên şaredariyê ji bo her kesîIND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pcENVPollution and wastehazardkg/a/{person}COUNTRY, CITY
Bermahiyên hişk ên şaredariyê ku di saziyên kontrolkirî de têne birêvebirinIND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.shareENVPollution and wastecoping capacity%COUNTRY, CITYSDG 11.6.1 EPI MSW
Bermahiyên plastîk ên xirab birêvebirî ji bo her kesîIND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pcENVPollution and wastehazardkg/a/{person}COUNTRY, ADM1
GDP ya di sektorên pir girêdayî xwezayê de, paraIND.ENV.nature_dependence.nature_dependent_gdp.shareENVNature dependenceexposure%COUNTRY, PORTFOLIO
Nirxa berhemên çandiniyê ya girêdayî tozkirina ajalan, paraIND.ENV.nature_dependence.pollinator_dependent_crops.shareENVNature dependenceexposure%COUNTRY, ADM1
07Quote

Environmental pressure index, world

The world reading of this index, every country as a tile and the largest movements since the previous edition.

NXS-GRX · ENV · 195 profiles · 0–10 scale
Environmental pressure index, world
–
Values publish with the edition; the interval, class and change appear here.
Previous edition
–
Range since 2016
–
Coupled composite
–
Coupling score S
–
Pulse, latest week
–
Outlook, 12 months
–
Rêbaz
Indicator Standard 1.0 · NXS-GRX 2026
Draws
1,000
Environmental pressure index, world, by edition

No released values yet. The first edition draws the history here with its interval band and class bounds.

The line is the point value by edition; the band is the 90% interval; dashed lines are the class bounds at 2, 3.5, 5 and 6.5.
Afrîka54
DZA AGO BEN BWA BFA BDI CPV CMR CAF TCD COM COG CIV COD DJI EGY GNQ ERI SWZ ETH GAB GMB GHA GIN GNB KEN LSO LBR LBY MDG MWI MLI MRT MUS MAR MOZ NAM NER NGA RWA STP SEN SYC SLE SOM ZAF SSD SDN TGO TUN UGA TZA ZMB ZWE
Amerîka35
ATG ARG BHS BRB BLZ BOL BRA CAN CHL COL CRI CUB DMA DOM ECU SLV GRD GTM GUY HTI HND JAM MEX NIC PAN PRY PER KNA LCA VCT SUR TTO USA URY VEN
Asya48
AFG ARM AZE BHR BGD BTN BRN KHM CHN CYP PRK GEO IND IDN IRN IRQ ISR JPN JOR KAZ KWT KGZ LAO LBN MYS MDV MNG MMR NPL OMN PAK PHL QAT KOR SAU SGP LKA PSE SYR TJK THA TLS TUR TKM ARE UZB VNM YEM
Ewropa44
ALB AND AUT BLR BEL BIH BGR HRV CZE DNK EST FIN FRA DEU GRC VAT HUN ISL IRL ITA LVA LIE LTU LUX MLT MCO MNE NLD MKD NOR POL PRT MDA ROU RUS SMR SRB SVK SVN ESP SWE CHE UKR GBR
Okyanûsya14
AUS FJI KIR MHL FSM NRU NZL PLW PNG WSM SLB TON TUV VUT
No movements yet. Changes since the previous edition are listed here from the second edition on, with the indicators that drove them.
08Nirx

Country values

FIG 5 · Environmental pressure index: countries (values when released)
Nexşe tê barkirin
AndoraAntîgua û BarbûdaBehreynBarbadosKomorKabo VerdeDomînîkaMîkronezya (Dewletên Federal ên)GrenadaKirîbatîSaint Kitts û NevisSanta LûsyaLîhtenştaynMonakoMaldîvGiravên MarşalMaltaMorîsNaûrûPalaûSingapûrSan MarînoSao Tome û PrînsîpeSeyşelTongaTûvalûKursiya PîrozSaint Vincent û GrenadînSamoa
Equal Earth · Natural Earth 1:110mValues when released
Until the first edition is released the map shows UN M49 regions or the Nexus Reports edition; it then shows this index’s classes with each country’s interval on hover. Countries are listed by name, never ordered by value.
Tiles
/api/v1/public/grix/risk-products/tiles/env/{z}/{x}/{y}.mvt
Rêbera çavdêriyê
nis:IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressure:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A
09Rêze

Series that read this index

GLBGlobal SystemsThe state of interdependent global risk: the twenty domain indices aggregated to the world, the five core systems (water, energy, food, health, biodiversity) and their couplings, the global tail register and the gap between perceived and measured risk. GS-11Global BiodiversityEnvironmental pressure, ecosystem condition, nature dependency of economies and the nature–climate–water–food feedbacks. GS-12Global Earth observationWhat Earth observation can and cannot see of risk: coverage, revisit, latency and the observing systems behind NXS-GRX. SR-04MineralsCritical-mineral concentration, processing dependency, price and export-restriction risk, and the environmental and social footprint of extraction. SR-09Planetary boundariesEarth-system boundaries and tipping elements as slow-onset, high-impact risk. XT-18Climate intervention technologiesCarbon removal and proposed climate interventions: physical, governance and termination risks, read from published assessments only. TH-01Nexus InterdependencyThe water, energy, food, health and biodiversity systems read together: drought to energy stress, energy disruption to health stress, biodiversity loss to food-system stress, flood to water contamination, heat to health and grid stress, cyber-physical disruption across all five.
10Validity

Crosswalks and validity checks

Crosswalks map leaf indicators to source code lists; established indices are used for validity checks, never re-weighted as inputs.

Code systemLeaf indicators mapped
SDG9
WB_WDI3
EPI3
UNDRR_HIPS_20251
11Across the Nexus

Platforms, standards and ways to take part

Field and service platforms of GCRI, GRF and GRA, the Nexus Risk Standards for this domain, learning, working groups and open calls. Every link is a live page.

12Jêgirtin

Jêgirtin û ji nû ve bikaranîn

GCRI Canada (2026). The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX): Environmental pressure index (GRX-IDX-ENV), Baseline Edition 2026. Preparatory working draft. https://risksindex.com/indices/environmental-pressure/ UNI NXS-GRX-AR-000120.

See this index in every country profile

Each profile shows this index with its interval and class once released.

Country profiles All indices

Rewş

Rêbaz, avahî û pênaseyên The Global Risks Index pêşnivîseke xebatê ya amadekar in (2026), ji bo nirxandin û şîroveyê tên belavkirin, ne ji bo bicîhanînê. Heta ku çapek ji birrîneke delîlan a birêvebirî neyê weşandin, tu nirx xuya nabe; piştre nirx navber, çîn, çavkanî û rêya xwe ya rastkirinê bi xwe re tînin. Simulator rêbazên weşandî li ser hejmarên ku tu hildibijêrî dixebitînin û qet nirxeke NXS-GRX nîşan nadin.

NXS-GRX çi nîne

NXS-GRX agahiya lêkolîn û analîza xetereyê ye. Ew ne nirxandina krediyê an ESG ye û tu pîvaneke pileyan bi kar nayîne, ne pîvana referansê ya amûrên darayî ye, ne statîstîkên fermî ye, ne hişyariya awarte an dabeşkirina fermî ye, û ne şîret e. Divê ji bo nirxandina kesên xwezayî neyê bikaranîn. Çînên xetereyê bendên li ser pîvaneke weşandî ne, qet ne rêzkirina welatan an mirovan in.

Sazî û çavkanî

The Nexus Consortium is stewarded by three independent not-for-profit institutions: The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), through GCRI US in Washington, DC and GCRI Canada in Ontario, with GCRI Canada as Lead Institution, Consortium Secretariat and lead contracting organisation; The Global Risks Forum (GRF); and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA). Technology, infrastructure and service providers work with the Consortium at arm’s length under written agreements, like every other external party in the public-private-planet model, and hold no role in its stewardship.

Her nirx navê çavkaniyên xwe bi xwe re tîne, ku lîsansên xwe diparêzin. Navên derveyî tenê ji bo hevxebitînê tên gotin. Nivîsên ku Nexus nivîsandine dema weşanê ji bo CC BY 4.0 tên armanckirin.

Avis en français

La méthodologie et les définitions du NXS-GRX sont un projet de travail préparatoire (2026). Le NXS-GRX est une information de recherche et d’analyse des risques : ni notation, ni indice de référence financier, ni statistique officielle, ni alerte, ni conseil. Les classes de risque sont des bandes sur une échelle publiée, non des classements.