The Global Risks Index · GRX-IDX-ENV · VUL Human and systems vulnerability
環境負荷指数
0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.
Page GRX-IDX-ENVEdition Baseline Edition 2026Evidence close 2026-09-30Indicator Standard IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressureValues not yet publishedMethod v1.0.0-draft
FIG 1 · Method card
Aggregation
arithmetic
equal weights · floor 0.1 where geometric
不確実性
1,000 draws
normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation
構成
5 components
16 leaf indicators
対象範囲
60% minimum
modelled share ≤ 20%
16
leaf indicators
5
components
1,000
Monte Carlo draws
7
series read it
01Construction
From indicators to the composite
The environmental dimension of a place profile: where ecological decline is eroding health, livelihoods and natural protection against hazards.
computation
How Environmental pressure is computedGraph24 nodes
グラフ
01指標
02Sub-indices
03Domain index
04柱
05総合
100%
索引
- PM2.5 エクスポージャー（人口加重平均）Indicator · IND · ug/m3Annual mean concentration of fine particulate matter (diameter 2.5 micrometres or less) to which residents are exposed, weighting satellite- and model-derived surface concentrations by population.
- WHO の PM2.5 指針値を超える環境にさらされる人口（割合）Indicator · IND · %Share of residents living where annual mean PM2.5 exceeds the 2021 WHO air-quality guideline of 5 micrograms per cubic metre.
- 季節ピーク時のオゾン・エクスポージャーIndicator · IND · ppbPopulation-weighted mean of the highest six-month running average of daily maximum eight-hour ozone concentration, in parts per billion.
- 樹木被覆の年間喪失率Indicator · IND · %Area of tree cover (canopy 30% or more in the 2000 baseline) removed or killed in the year, from Landsat-based change detection, as a percentage of the 2000 tree cover area; the five-year mean is carried alongside.
- 劣化した土地（国土面積に占める割合）Indicator · IND · %Share of land degraded according to the one-out-all-out combination of declining land cover, land productivity and soil organic carbon over the reporting period.
- 森林面積（国土面積に占める割合）Indicator · IND · %Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees taller than 5 metres and canopy cover above 10%, excluding land predominantly in agricultural or urban use, as a percentage of land area.
- Red List Index（レッドリスト指数）Indicator · IND · 1Index from 0 (all species extinct) to 1 (all species least concern) of aggregate extinction risk across comprehensively assessed species groups, nationally disaggregated.
- Biodiversity Intactness Index（生物多様性完全性指数）Indicator · IND · 1Modelled average abundance of originally present species across the area relative to an undisturbed reference, from 0 to 1, based on land use and its intensity.
- 保護区に含まれる生物多様性重要地域Indicator · IND · %Average share of each terrestrial and freshwater key biodiversity area that lies inside protected or conserved areas, by ecosystem type.
- 沿岸富栄養化指数Indicator · IND · %Deviation of coastal chlorophyll-a concentration from its long-term baseline within the exclusive economic zone, from satellite ocean-colour data, as a share of the coastal area with high deviation.
- 海洋の平均酸性度（pH）Indicator · IND · pHAverage surface seawater pH measured at representative sampling stations in the country’s waters.
- 年間の海洋熱波日数Indicator · IND · d/aAverage annual number of days on which sea surface temperature in the country’s waters exceeds the seasonally varying 90th percentile of a 1982–2011 baseline for five or more consecutive days.
- 生物学的に持続可能な水準にある魚類資源Indicator · IND · %Share of assessed marine fish stocks whose abundance is at or above the level producing maximum sustainable yield.
- 1 人あたり一般廃棄物発生量Indicator · IND · kg/a/personMass of municipal solid waste generated per resident per year, from national or city waste statistics.
- 管理された施設で処理される一般廃棄物Indicator · IND · %Share of municipal solid waste generated that is collected and then managed in controlled recovery or disposal facilities.
- 1 人あたりの不適正管理プラスチック廃棄物Indicator · IND · kg/a/personMass of plastic waste per resident per year that is littered, openly burned or disposed of in uncontrolled dumps, from waste-flow models.
- Air pollution sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.
- Land and forest degradation sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.
- Biodiversity status sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 1 · 25.0%Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.
- Ocean condition sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.
- Waste pressure sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 12.5%Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.
- 環境負荷指数Domain index · IDX · arithmetic0–10 index of environmental pressure and ecosystem condition combining air pollution, land and forest degradation, biodiversity status, ocean condition and waste pressure.
- 人間とシステムの脆弱性Pillar · PILLAR · 8 indicesHow susceptible are people, livelihoods, ecosystems and essential systems to harm when a shock arrives?
- NXS-GRX (canonical data, provenance and risk) Composite RiskComposite · COMPOSITE · four pillarsComposite = (HTE × VUL × MSF × LCC)^(1/4), each pillar on 0–10 floored at 0.1; pillar = expert-weighted geometric mean of its domain indices
未実行進行中完了
02Simulator
Run this index’s own aggregation
Set each component, change the aggregation or the weight uncertainty, and watch the interval, the class probability and each component’s contribution respond.
FIG 3 · Simulator: aggregate environmental pressure on your numbers
Components (0 to 10)
–
ブラウザで動作
Contribution of each component (leave one out)
03手法
Treatment, normalisation, weighting, aggregation, uncertainty
- Treatment
- WINSORISE
- Outlier rule
- |skew| > 2, kurtosis > 3.5
- Normalisation
- min–max rescaling
- Imputation
- NONE
- Coverage minimum
- 60% of components
- Modelled share cap
- 20% of weight
- Weighting
- equal
- Aggregation
- arithmetic
- Scale
- 0 to 10
- 不確実性
- 1,000 Monte Carlo runs over normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation
- Framework basis
- Yale EPI 2026 (structure only); UN SEEA Ecosystem Accounting; OECD/JRC Handbook (2008)
非常に低い0.0〜< 2.0
低い2.0〜< 3.5
中程度3.5〜< 5.0
高い5.0〜< 6.5
非常に高い6.5 から 10.0
04Components
5 components, 16 indicators
Air pollution sub-index w 1
Composite of population-weighted PM2.5 exposure, the share above the WHO guideline and seasonal peak ozone.
| 指標 | 単位 | エビデンス | 出典 | 割合 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PM2.5 エクスポージャー（人口加重平均）IND.ENV.air.pm25_exposure | ug/m3 | Class C | wb-wdi, who-ambient-air-quality-database, acag-satellite-pm25, copernicus-cams | 50.0% |
WHO の PM2.5 指針値を超える環境にさらされる人口（割合）IND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.share | % | Class C | wb-wdi, acag-satellite-pm25, jrc-ghsl-ghs-pop | 25.0% |
季節ピーク時のオゾン・エクスポージャーIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposure | [ppb] | Class C | state-of-global-air, copernicus-cams, toar | 25.0% |
Land and forest degradation sub-index w 1
Composite of tree cover loss rate, degraded land share and forest cover.
| 指標 | 単位 | エビデンス | 出典 | 割合 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
樹木被覆の年間喪失率IND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.share | % | Class C | gfw-umd-tree-cover-loss | 40.0% |
劣化した土地（国土面積に占める割合）IND.ENV.land.land_degradation.share | % | Class C | unccd-prais, trends-earth | 40.0% |
森林面積（国土面積に占める割合）IND.ENV.land.forest_cover.share | % | Class B | fao-fra, wb-wdi | 20.0% |
Biodiversity status sub-index w 1
Composite of the Red List Index, the Biodiversity Intactness Index and protection of key biodiversity areas.
| 指標 | 単位 | エビデンス | 出典 | 割合 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Red List Index（レッドリスト指数）IND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_index | 1 | Class B | iucn-red-list, un-sdg-database | 33.3% |
Biodiversity Intactness Index（生物多様性完全性指数）IND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactness | 1 | Class C | nhm-predicts-bii | 33.3% |
保護区に含まれる生物多様性重要地域IND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.share | % | Class B | kba-partnership, wdpa-protected-planet, un-sdg-database | 33.3% |
Ocean condition sub-index w 0.5
Composite of coastal eutrophication, marine acidity, marine heatwave days and the share of sustainably fished stocks.
| 指標 | 単位 | エビデンス | 出典 | 割合 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
沿岸富栄養化指数IND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophication | % | Class C | unep-global-environment-monitoring, copernicus-marine | 25.0% |
海洋の平均酸性度（pH）IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidity | [pH] | Class B | ioc-unesco-sdg1431-portal, socat | 25.0% |
年間の海洋熱波日数IND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_days | d/a | Class C | noaa-oisst, copernicus-marine | 25.0% |
生物学的に持続可能な水準にある魚類資源IND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.share | % | Class B | fao-fisheries-sofia | 25.0% |
Waste pressure sub-index w 0.5
Composite of municipal solid waste generation, the share managed in controlled facilities and mismanaged plastic waste.
| 指標 | 単位 | エビデンス | 出典 | 割合 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 人あたり一般廃棄物発生量IND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pc | kg/a/{person} | Class B | wb-what-a-waste, unstats-environment-waste, unep-global-waste-outlook | 33.3% |
管理された施設で処理される一般廃棄物IND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.share | % | Class B | un-habitat-waste-wise-cities, un-sdg-database | 33.3% |
1 人あたりの不適正管理プラスチック廃棄物IND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pc | kg/a/{person} | Class D | oecd-global-plastics-outlook, peer-reviewed-plastic-flow-models | 33.3% |
05分野
環境と生物多様性
Pollution, ecosystem condition, land and biodiversity, and nature dependence.
| Sub-domain | 指標 |
|---|---|
| 大気質 | 3 |
| Land and forests | 5 |
| 生物多様性 | 4 |
| Ocean | 5 |
| Pollution and waste | 3 |
| Nature dependence | 2 |
Anchor frameworks (pillar structure and definitions only): Yale EPI 2026; UN SEEA; TNFD; ESRS E2-E5; SDG 14, 15.
06指標
All 22 environment and biodiversity indicators
FIG 4 · Indicators in scope, by domain and sub-domain
| 指標 | 分野 | Sub-domain | 構成要素 | 単位 | レベル | Crosswalks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PM2.5 エクスポージャー（人口加重平均）IND.ENV.air.pm25_exposure | ENV | 大気質 | hazard | ug/m3 | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID | WB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 SDG 11.6.2 EPI PMD |
WHO の PM2.5 指針値を超える環境にさらされる人口（割合）IND.ENV.air.pm25_guideline_exceedance.share | ENV | 大気質 | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY | WB_WDI EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS |
季節ピーク時のオゾン・エクスポージャーIND.ENV.air.ozone_exposure | ENV | 大気質 | hazard | [ppb] | COUNTRY, ADM1, CITY, GRID | |
国土面積IND.ENV.land.land_area | ENV | Land and forests | context | km2 | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY | WB_WDI AG.LND.TOTL.K2 |
森林面積（国土面積に占める割合）IND.ENV.land.forest_cover.share | ENV | Land and forests | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | SDG 15.1.1 WB_WDI AG.LND.FRST.ZS |
樹木被覆の年間喪失率IND.ENV.land.tree_cover_loss.share | ENV | Land and forests | hazard | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, GRID | EPI TCL |
劣化した土地（国土面積に占める割合）IND.ENV.land.land_degradation.share | ENV | Land and forests | hazard | % | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | SDG 15.3.1 |
道路密度IND.ENV.land.road_density | ENV | Land and forests | hazard | km/km2 | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Red List Index（レッドリスト指数）IND.ENV.biodiversity.red_list_index | ENV | 生物多様性 | vulnerability | 1 | GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRY | SDG 15.5.1 |
Biodiversity Intactness Index（生物多様性完全性指数）IND.ENV.biodiversity.biodiversity_intactness | ENV | 生物多様性 | vulnerability | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1, GRID | |
陸域保護区（国土面積に占める割合）IND.ENV.biodiversity.terrestrial_protected.share | ENV | 生物多様性 | response | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | WB_WDI ER.LND.PTLD.ZS |
保護区に含まれる生物多様性重要地域IND.ENV.biodiversity.key_biodiversity_area_protected.share | ENV | 生物多様性 | response | % | COUNTRY, REGION | SDG 15.1.2 |
海洋保護区（領海に占める割合）IND.ENV.ocean.marine_protected.share | ENV | Ocean | response | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS SDG 14.5.1 |
沿岸富栄養化指数IND.ENV.ocean.coastal_eutrophication | ENV | Ocean | hazard | % | COUNTRY, REGION | SDG 14.1.1 |
海洋の平均酸性度（pH）IND.ENV.ocean.ocean_acidity | ENV | Ocean | hazard | [pH] | COUNTRY, REGION, SITE | SDG 14.3.1 |
生物学的に持続可能な水準にある魚類資源IND.ENV.ocean.sustainable_fish_stocks.share | ENV | Ocean | vulnerability | % | GLOBAL, REGION, COUNTRY | SDG 14.4.1 |
年間の海洋熱波日数IND.ENV.ocean.marine_heatwave_days | ENV | Ocean | hazard | d/a | COUNTRY, REGION, GRID | UNDRR_HIPS_2025 MH0708 |
1 人あたり一般廃棄物発生量IND.ENV.pollution.msw_generation.pc | ENV | Pollution and waste | hazard | kg/a/{person} | COUNTRY, CITY | |
管理された施設で処理される一般廃棄物IND.ENV.pollution.msw_controlled_management.share | ENV | Pollution and waste | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY, CITY | SDG 11.6.1 EPI MSW |
1 人あたりの不適正管理プラスチック廃棄物IND.ENV.pollution.mismanaged_plastic_waste.pc | ENV | Pollution and waste | hazard | kg/a/{person} | COUNTRY, ADM1 | |
自然への依存度が高いセクターの GDP（割合）IND.ENV.nature_dependence.nature_dependent_gdp.share | ENV | Nature dependence | exposure | % | COUNTRY, PORTFOLIO | |
動物による受粉に依存する作物生産額（割合）IND.ENV.nature_dependence.pollinator_dependent_crops.share | ENV | Nature dependence | exposure | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 |
07引用
Environmental pressure index, world
The world reading of this index, every country as a tile and the largest movements since the previous edition.
NXS-GRX · ENV · 195 profiles · 0–10 scale
Environmental pressure index, world
–
値は版とともに公開され、区間、区分、変化がここに表示されます。
- 前回の版
- –
- Range since 2016
- –
- 結合総合
- –
- 結合スコア S
- –
- パルス、直近 1 週間
- –
- Outlook, 12 months
- –
- 手法
- Indicator Standard 1.0 · NXS-GRX 2026
- 抽出
- 1,000
Environmental pressure index, world, by edition
公開済みの値はまだありません。最初の版で、区間の帯と区分の境界とともに履歴がここに描かれます。
アフリカ54
南北アメリカ35
アジア48
ヨーロッパ44
変動はまだありません。 前版からの変化は、第 2 版以降、その要因となった指標とともにここに掲載されます。
08値
Country values
FIG 5 · Environmental pressure index: countries (values when released)
地図を読み込み中
Equal Earth · Natural Earth 1:110mValues when released
- タイル
/api/v1/public/grix/risk-products/tiles/env/{z}/{x}/{y}.mvt- 観測キー
nis:IDX.ENV.biodiversity.environmental_pressure:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A
09シリーズ
Series that read this index
GLBGlobal SystemsThe state of interdependent global risk: the twenty domain indices aggregated to the world, the five core systems (water, energy, food, health, biodiversity) and their couplings, the global tail register and the gap between perceived and measured risk.→ GS-11Global BiodiversityEnvironmental pressure, ecosystem condition, nature dependency of economies and the nature–climate–water–food feedbacks.→ GS-12Global Earth observationWhat Earth observation can and cannot see of risk: coverage, revisit, latency and the observing systems behind NXS-GRX.→ SR-04MineralsCritical-mineral concentration, processing dependency, price and export-restriction risk, and the environmental and social footprint of extraction.→ SR-09Planetary boundariesEarth-system boundaries and tipping elements as slow-onset, high-impact risk.→ XT-18Climate intervention technologiesCarbon removal and proposed climate interventions: physical, governance and termination risks, read from published assessments only.→ TH-01Nexus InterdependencyThe water, energy, food, health and biodiversity systems read together: drought to energy stress, energy disruption to health stress, biodiversity loss to food-system stress, flood to water contamination, heat to health and grid stress, cyber-physical disruption across all five.→
10Validity
Crosswalks and validity checks
Crosswalks map leaf indicators to source code lists; established indices are used for validity checks, never re-weighted as inputs.
| Code system | Leaf indicators mapped |
|---|---|
SDG | 9 |
WB_WDI | 3 |
EPI | 3 |
UNDRR_HIPS_2025 | 1 |
11Nexus 全体で
Platforms, standards and ways to take part
Field and service platforms of GCRI, GRF and GRA, the Nexus Risk Standards for this domain, learning, working groups and open calls. Every link is a live page.
12引用
引用と再利用
GCRI Canada (2026). The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX): Environmental pressure index (GRX-IDX-ENV), Baseline Edition 2026. Preparatory working draft. https://risksindex.com/indices/environmental-pressure/ UNI NXS-GRX-AR-000120.
See this index in every country profile
Each profile shows this index with its interval and class once released.
ステータス
The Global Risks Index の手法、構造、定義は準備段階の作業草案（2026 年）であり、レビューと意見募集のために配布されているもので、実施を目的としたものではありません。管理されたエビデンスの区切りから版が公表されるまで、値は一切表示されません。公表後の値には、区間、区分、出典、訂正の経路が付されます。シミュレーターは、公表された手法をあなたが選んだ数値で実行するものであり、NXS-GRX の値を表示することはありません。
NXS-GRX ではないもの
NXS-GRX は研究およびリスク分析の情報です。信用格付や ESG 格付ではなく、格付尺度を用いず、金融商品のベンチマークでも、公的統計でも、緊急警報や公式分類でも、助言でもありません。自然人の評価に用いてはなりません。リスククラスは公開された尺度上の区分であり、国や人の順位付けではありません。
機関と情報源
The Nexus Consortium is stewarded by three independent not-for-profit institutions: The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), through GCRI US in Washington, DC and GCRI Canada in Ontario, with GCRI Canada as Lead Institution, Consortium Secretariat and lead contracting organisation; The Global Risks Forum (GRF); and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA). Technology, infrastructure and service providers work with the Consortium at arm’s length under written agreements, like every other external party in the public-private-planet model, and hold no role in its stewardship.
すべての値には情報源の帰属表示が付され、情報源はそれぞれ独自のライセンスを保持します。外部の名称は相互運用性のためにのみ引用しています。Nexus が執筆したテキストは、公開時に CC BY 4.0 とする予定です。
Avis en français
La méthodologie et les définitions du NXS-GRX sont un projet de travail préparatoire (2026). Le NXS-GRX est une information de recherche et d’analyse des risques : ni notation, ni indice de référence financier, ni statistique officielle, ni alerte, ni conseil. Les classes de risque sont des bandes sur une échelle publiée, non des classements.