Índice de risco de segurança sanitária
INFORM-style aggregation, on 0 to 10, of epidemic and AMR hazard, disease burden and undernutrition against health-system and IHR capacity, each component oriented by its own polarity.
geometric
expert weights · floor 0.1 where geometric
1,000 draws
normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation
5 components
25 leaf indicators
67% minimum
modelled share ≤ 20%
From indicators to the composite
Shows where an outbreak is likely, where it would land on a vulnerable population and where the system could not contain it; each sub-index stays visible.
- Frequência de eventos epidêmicosIndicator · IND · 1Average annual number of distinct infectious-disease outbreak events in the country reported by WHO or a regional public-health agency over the latest five years, counting each event once whatever its duration.
- Casos de cólera notificados, por 100.000 habitantesIndicator · IND · /10*5Cholera cases reported to WHO in the year per 100,000 of the mid-year population.
- Infecções da corrente sanguínea por MRSAIndicator · IND · %Share of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections that are methicillin-resistant, among patients with a tested blood sample.
- Infecções da corrente sanguínea por E. coli resistente a cefalosporinas de terceira geraçãoIndicator · IND · %Share of Escherichia coli bloodstream infections resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, among patients with a tested blood sample.
- Taxa de mortalidade de menores de cinco anosIndicator · IND · /10*3Probability, per 1,000 live births, that a child born in the year dies before reaching age five at current age-specific mortality.
- Razão de mortalidade maternaIndicator · IND · /10*5Deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes during pregnancy or within 42 days of its end, per 100,000 live births, as modelled by the UN inter-agency group.
- Mortalidade prematura por grandes doenças não transmissíveisIndicator · IND · %Probability, in percent, of dying between exact ages 30 and 70 from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease.
- Incidência de tuberculoseIndicator · IND · /10*5Estimated new and relapse tuberculosis cases of all forms per 100,000 population in the year.
- Incidência de maláriaIndicator · IND · /10*3Estimated new malaria cases per 1,000 people living in areas at risk of transmission.
- Incidência de HIVIndicator · IND · /10*3New HIV infections in the year per 1,000 uninfected people of all ages.
- Déficit de altura em crianças menores de cinco anosIndicator · IND · %Share of children under five whose height-for-age is more than two standard deviations below the WHO Child Growth Standards median (modelled estimate).
- Emaciação em crianças menores de cinco anosIndicator · IND · %Share of children under five whose weight-for-height is more than two standard deviations below the WHO Child Growth Standards median, from the latest national survey.
- Anemia em mulheres em idade reprodutivaIndicator · IND · %Share of women aged 15 to 49 with haemoglobin below the WHO threshold for their pregnancy status, adjusted for altitude and smoking.
- Médicos por 1.000 habitantesIndicator · IND · /10*3Practising or professionally active medical doctors, generalists and specialists, per 1,000 population.
- Enfermeiros e parteiras por 1.000 habitantesIndicator · IND · /10*3Nursing and midwifery personnel, professional and associate, per 1,000 population.
- Leitos hospitalares por 1.000 habitantesIndicator · IND · /10*3Inpatient beds in public, private, general and specialised hospitals and rehabilitation centres, per 1,000 population.
- Índice de cobertura de serviços da cobertura universal de saúde (UHC)Indicator · IND · scoreIndex from 0 to 100 of the average coverage of essential services across reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health, infectious disease, non-communicable disease and service capacity and access.
- Cobertura vacinal com DTP3Indicator · IND · %Share of surviving infants who received the third dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccine, as estimated by WHO and UNICEF.
- Cobertura vacinal contra o sarampo, segunda doseIndicator · IND · %Share of children who received the second dose of measles-containing vaccine by the nationally recommended age.
- Partos assistidos por pessoal de saúde qualificadoIndicator · IND · %Share of live births attended by a doctor, nurse or midwife trained to manage normal deliveries and refer complications.
- Despesa corrente em saúde, em % do PIBIndicator · IND · %Spending on health goods and services consumed in the year, from all financing sources, as a percentage of GDP (SHA 2011).
- Capacidade laboratorial do RSI (SPAR C4)Indicator · IND · scoreSelf-reported SPAR score, from 0 to 100, for national laboratory systems: specimen referral and transport, biosafety, quality and testing for priority pathogens.
- Capacidade de vigilância do RSI (SPAR C5)Indicator · IND · scoreSelf-reported SPAR score, from 0 to 100, for early-warning, event-based and indicator-based surveillance and event verification.
- Capacidade de gestão de emergências de saúde do RSI (SPAR C7)Indicator · IND · scoreSelf-reported SPAR score, from 0 to 100, for emergency risk assessment, preparedness planning, emergency operations and logistics.
- Capacidade de comunicação de risco do RSI (SPAR C10)Indicator · IND · scoreSelf-reported SPAR score, from 0 to 100, for risk communication systems, community engagement and management of misinformation in emergencies.
- Epidemic and AMR hazard sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 1 · 22.2%Composite of outbreak event frequency, reported cholera and resistance among MRSA and E. coli bloodstream infections.
- Disease burden sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 1 · 22.2%Composite of under-five and maternal mortality, premature non-communicable disease mortality and the incidence of tuberculosis, malaria and HIV.
- Undernutrition sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 0.5 · 11.1%Composite of child stunting, child wasting and anaemia among women of reproductive age.
- Health-system capacity sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 1 · 22.2%Composite of doctor, nurse and bed density, UHC service coverage, routine immunisation, skilled birth attendance and health spending.
- IHR operational capacity sub-indexSub-index · SUB · w 1 · 22.2%Composite of the SPAR laboratory, surveillance, health emergency management and risk communication capacity scores.
- Índice de risco de segurança sanitáriaDomain index · IDX · geometricINFORM-style aggregation, on 0 to 10, of epidemic and AMR hazard, disease burden and undernutrition against health-system and IHR capacity, each component oriented by its own polarity.
- Vulnerabilidade humana e dos sistemasPillar · PILLAR · 8 indicesHow susceptible are people, livelihoods, ecosystems and essential systems to harm when a shock arrives?
- NXS-GRX (canonical data, provenance and risk) Composite RiskComposite · COMPOSITE · four pillarsComposite = (HTE × VUL × MSF × LCC)^(1/4), each pillar on 0–10 floored at 0.1; pillar = expert-weighted geometric mean of its domain indices
Run this index’s own aggregation
Set each component, change the aggregation or the weight uncertainty, and watch the interval, the class probability and each component’s contribution respond.
Treatment, normalisation, weighting, aggregation, uncertainty
- Treatment
- WINSORISE
- Outlier rule
- |skew| > 2, kurtosis > 3.5
- Normalisation
- INFORM 0–10 rescaling
- Imputation
- NONE
- Coverage minimum
- 67% of components
- Modelled share cap
- 20% of weight
- Weighting
- especialista
- Aggregation
- geometric
- Scale
- 0 to 10
- Incerteza
- 1,000 Monte Carlo runs over normalisation, weights, aggregation, imputation
- Framework basis
- INFORM Risk methodology (geometric dimensions); IHR (2005) monitoring framework; JRC COIN 10-step guide; OECD/JRC Handbook (2008)
5 components, 25 indicators
Epidemic and AMR hazard sub-index w 1
Composite of outbreak event frequency, reported cholera and resistance among MRSA and E. coli bloodstream infections.
| Indicador | Unidade | Evidências | Fontes | Parcela |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequência de eventos epidêmicosIND.HLT.epidemic.outbreak_event_frequency | 1 | Class B | who-disease-outbreak-news, who-weekly-bulletin-afro, africa-cdc-epidemic-intelligence | 40.0% |
Casos de cólera notificados, por 100.000 habitantesIND.HLT.epidemic.cholera_cases.p100k | /10*5 | Class B | who-gho, who-cholera-annual-report | 20.0% |
Infecções da corrente sanguínea por MRSAIND.HLT.amr.mrsa_bloodstream | % | Class B | who-glass, who-gho | 20.0% |
Infecções da corrente sanguínea por E. coli resistente a cefalosporinas de terceira geraçãoIND.HLT.amr.ecoli_3gc_bloodstream | % | Class B | who-glass, who-gho | 20.0% |
Disease burden sub-index w 1
Composite of under-five and maternal mortality, premature non-communicable disease mortality and the incidence of tuberculosis, malaria and HIV.
| Indicador | Unidade | Evidências | Fontes | Parcela |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Taxa de mortalidade de menores de cinco anosIND.HLT.burden.under5_mortality | /10*3 | Class C | un-igme, wb-wdi, who-gho | 16.7% |
Razão de mortalidade maternaIND.HLT.burden.maternal_mortality | /10*5 | Class C | un-mmeig, wb-wdi, who-gho | 16.7% |
Mortalidade prematura por grandes doenças não transmissíveisIND.HLT.burden.ncd_premature_mortality | % | Class C | who-ghe, wb-wdi | 16.7% |
Incidência de tuberculoseIND.HLT.burden.tb_incidence | /10*5 | Class C | who-global-tb-programme, wb-wdi | 16.7% |
Incidência de maláriaIND.HLT.burden.malaria_incidence | /10*3 | Class C | who-world-malaria-report, wb-wdi | 16.7% |
Incidência de HIVIND.HLT.burden.hiv_incidence | /10*3 | Class C | unaids, wb-wdi, who-gho | 16.7% |
Undernutrition sub-index w 0.5
Composite of child stunting, child wasting and anaemia among women of reproductive age.
| Indicador | Unidade | Evidências | Fontes | Parcela |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Déficit de altura em crianças menores de cinco anosIND.HLT.nutrition.stunting | % | Class C | unicef-who-wb-jme, wb-wdi, who-gho | 33.3% |
Emaciação em crianças menores de cinco anosIND.HLT.nutrition.wasting | % | Class B | unicef-who-wb-jme, wb-wdi, smart-surveys | 33.3% |
Anemia em mulheres em idade reprodutivaIND.HLT.nutrition.anaemia_women | % | Class C | who-gho, wb-wdi | 33.3% |
Health-system capacity sub-index w 1
Composite of doctor, nurse and bed density, UHC service coverage, routine immunisation, skilled birth attendance and health spending.
| Indicador | Unidade | Evidências | Fontes | Parcela |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Médicos por 1.000 habitantesIND.HLT.system.physician_density | /10*3 | Class B | who-nhwa, wb-wdi | 11.1% |
Enfermeiros e parteiras por 1.000 habitantesIND.HLT.system.nurse_midwife_density | /10*3 | Class B | who-nhwa, wb-wdi | 11.1% |
Leitos hospitalares por 1.000 habitantesIND.HLT.system.hospital_beds | /10*3 | Class B | who-gho, wb-wdi, oecd-health | 11.1% |
Índice de cobertura de serviços da cobertura universal de saúde (UHC)IND.HLT.system.uhc_service_coverage | {score} | Class C | who-gho, wb-wdi | 22.2% |
Cobertura vacinal com DTP3IND.HLT.system.dtp3_coverage | % | Class C | who-unicef-wuenic, wb-wdi | 11.1% |
Cobertura vacinal contra o sarampo, segunda doseIND.HLT.system.mcv2_coverage | % | Class C | who-unicef-wuenic, wb-hnp-stats | 11.1% |
Partos assistidos por pessoal de saúde qualificadoIND.HLT.system.skilled_birth_attendance | % | Class B | unicef-who-joint-database, wb-wdi | 11.1% |
Despesa corrente em saúde, em % do PIBIND.HLT.system.health_expenditure.gdp | % | Class B | who-ghed, wb-wdi | 11.1% |
IHR operational capacity sub-index w 1
Composite of the SPAR laboratory, surveillance, health emergency management and risk communication capacity scores.
| Indicador | Unidade | Evidências | Fontes | Parcela |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Capacidade laboratorial do RSI (SPAR C4)IND.HLT.security.spar_laboratory | {score} | Class B | who-spar, who-jee | 25.0% |
Capacidade de vigilância do RSI (SPAR C5)IND.HLT.security.spar_surveillance | {score} | Class B | who-spar, who-jee | 25.0% |
Capacidade de gestão de emergências de saúde do RSI (SPAR C7)IND.HLT.security.spar_emergency_management | {score} | Class B | who-spar, who-jee | 25.0% |
Capacidade de comunicação de risco do RSI (SPAR C10)IND.HLT.security.spar_risk_communication | {score} | Class B | who-spar, who-jee | 25.0% |
Saúde
Disease burden, health-system capacity and health-security preparedness.
| Sub-domain | Indicadores |
|---|---|
| Disease burden and mortality | 8 |
| Health system capacity | 11 |
| Health security (IHR) | 5 |
| Epidemic and outbreak | 2 |
| Antimicrobial resistance | 2 |
| Nutrition | 3 |
Anchor frameworks (pillar structure and definitions only): WHO GHO; IHR JEE 3rd ed.; IHR SPAR 2nd ed.; SDG 3.
All 31 health indicators
| Indicador | Domínio | Sub-domain | Componente | Unidade | Níveis | Crosswalks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Taxa de mortalidade de menores de cinco anosIND.HLT.burden.under5_mortality | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | vulnerability | /10*3 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.DYN.MORT SDG 3.2.1 WHO_GHO MDG_0000000007 |
Taxa de mortalidade neonatalIND.HLT.burden.neonatal_mortality | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | vulnerability | /10*3 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.DYN.NMRT SDG 3.2.2 |
Razão de mortalidade maternaIND.HLT.burden.maternal_mortality | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | vulnerability | /10*5 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.STA.MMRT SDG 3.1.1 WHO_GHO MDG_0000000026 |
Expectativa de vida ao nascerIND.HLT.burden.life_expectancy | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | vulnerability | a | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SP.DYN.LE00.IN WHO_GHO WHOSIS_000001 |
Mortalidade prematura por grandes doenças não transmissíveisIND.HLT.burden.ncd_premature_mortality | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS SDG 3.4.1 WHO_GHO NCDMORT3070 |
Incidência de tuberculoseIND.HLT.burden.tb_incidence | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | hazard | /10*5 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.TBS.INCD SDG 3.3.2 WHO_GHO MDG_0000000020 |
Incidência de maláriaIND.HLT.burden.malaria_incidence | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | hazard | /10*3 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.MLR.INCD.P3 SDG 3.3.3 WHO_GHO SDGMALARIA |
Incidência de HIVIND.HLT.burden.hiv_incidence | HLT | Disease burden and mortality | hazard | /10*3 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.HIV.INCD.TL.P3 SDG 3.3.1 WHO_GHO SDGHIV WB_WDI SH.HIV.INCD.ZS |
Médicos por 1.000 habitantesIND.HLT.system.physician_density | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | /10*3 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.MED.PHYS.ZS WHO_GHO HWF_0001 SDG 3.c.1 |
Enfermeiros e parteiras por 1.000 habitantesIND.HLT.system.nurse_midwife_density | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | /10*3 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.MED.NUMW.P3 WHO_GHO HWF_0006 SDG 3.c.1 |
Leitos hospitalares por 1.000 habitantesIND.HLT.system.hospital_beds | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | /10*3 | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.MED.BEDS.ZS WHO_GHO WHS6_102 |
Índice de cobertura de serviços da cobertura universal de saúde (UHC)IND.HLT.system.uhc_service_coverage | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SDG 3.8.1 WHO_GHO UHC_INDEX_REPORTED WB_WDI SH.UHC.SRVS.CV.XD |
População com gastos catastróficos do próprio bolso em saúdeIND.HLT.system.catastrophic_oop | HLT | Health system capacity | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | SDG 3.8.2 WB_WDI SH.UHC.OOPC.10.ZS |
Gastos do próprio bolso, em % da despesa corrente em saúdeIND.HLT.system.oop_share | HLT | Health system capacity | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.XPD.OOPC.CH.ZS WHO_GHO GHED_OOPSCHE_SHA2011 |
Despesa corrente em saúde, em % do PIBIND.HLT.system.health_expenditure.gdp | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS |
Cobertura vacinal com DTP3IND.HLT.system.dtp3_coverage | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WHO_GHO WHS4_100 WB_WDI SH.IMM.IDPT SDG 3.b.1 |
Cobertura vacinal contra o sarampo, segunda doseIND.HLT.system.mcv2_coverage | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WHO_GHO MCV2 WB_WDI SH.IMM.MEA2 SDG 3.b.1 |
Partos assistidos por pessoal de saúde qualificadoIND.HLT.system.skilled_birth_attendance | HLT | Health system capacity | coping capacity | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.STA.BRTC.ZS SDG 3.1.2 |
Tempo de deslocamento até o estabelecimento de saúde mais próximoIND.HLT.system.health_facility_travel_time | HLT | Health system capacity | vulnerability | min | COUNTRY, ADM1, ADM2, CITY, GRID | |
Pontuação das capacidades básicas do RSI (SPAR)IND.HLT.security.spar_capacity | HLT | Health security (IHR) | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SDG 3.d.1 WHO_GHO SDGIHR2021 WHO_GHO SDGIHR2018 |
Capacidade laboratorial do RSI (SPAR C4)IND.HLT.security.spar_laboratory | HLT | Health security (IHR) | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SPAR C4 WHO_GHO IHRSPAR2_C04 JEE D1 |
Capacidade de vigilância do RSI (SPAR C5)IND.HLT.security.spar_surveillance | HLT | Health security (IHR) | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SPAR C5 WHO_GHO IHRSPAR2_C05 JEE D2 |
Capacidade de gestão de emergências de saúde do RSI (SPAR C7)IND.HLT.security.spar_emergency_management | HLT | Health security (IHR) | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SPAR C7 WHO_GHO IHRSPAR2_C07 JEE R1 |
Capacidade de comunicação de risco do RSI (SPAR C10)IND.HLT.security.spar_risk_communication | HLT | Health security (IHR) | coping capacity | {score} | COUNTRY | SPAR C10 WHO_GHO IHRSPAR2_C10 JEE R5 |
Frequência de eventos epidêmicosIND.HLT.epidemic.outbreak_event_frequency | HLT | Epidemic and outbreak | hazard | 1 | COUNTRY, ADM1 | |
Casos de cólera notificados, por 100.000 habitantesIND.HLT.epidemic.cholera_cases.p100k | HLT | Epidemic and outbreak | hazard | /10*5 | COUNTRY | WHO_GHO CHOLERA_0000000001 |
Infecções da corrente sanguínea por MRSAIND.HLT.amr.mrsa_bloodstream | HLT | Antimicrobial resistance | hazard | % | COUNTRY | WHO_GHO AMR_INFECT_MRSA SDG 3.d.2 |
Infecções da corrente sanguínea por E. coli resistente a cefalosporinas de terceira geraçãoIND.HLT.amr.ecoli_3gc_bloodstream | HLT | Antimicrobial resistance | hazard | % | COUNTRY | WHO_GHO AMR_INFECT_ECOLI SDG 3.d.2 |
Déficit de altura em crianças menores de cinco anosIND.HLT.nutrition.stunting | HLT | Nutrition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.STA.STNT.ME.ZS SDG 2.2.1 WHO_GHO NUTSTUNTINGPREV FAO_FAOSTAT 21025 |
Emaciação em crianças menores de cinco anosIND.HLT.nutrition.wasting | HLT | Nutrition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY, ADM1 | WB_WDI SH.STA.WAST.ZS SDG 2.2.2 WHO_GHO NUTRITION_WH_2 FAO_FAOSTAT 21026 |
Anemia em mulheres em idade reprodutivaIND.HLT.nutrition.anaemia_women | HLT | Nutrition | vulnerability | % | COUNTRY | WB_WDI SH.ANM.ALLW.ZS WHO_GHO NUTRITION_ANAEMIA_REPRODUCTIVEAGE_PREV SDG 2.2.3 FAO_FAOSTAT 21043 |
Health security risk index, world
The world reading of this index, every country as a tile and the largest movements since the previous edition.
- Edição anterior
- –
- Range since 2016
- –
- Composto acoplado
- –
- Pontuação de acoplamento S
- –
- Pulse, última semana
- –
- Outlook, 12 months
- –
- Método
- Indicator Standard 1.0 · NXS-GRX 2026
- Sorteios
- 1,000
Ainda não há valores publicados. A primeira edição traça aqui o histórico com a faixa do intervalo e os limites de classe.
Country values
- Blocos
/api/v1/public/grix/risk-products/tiles/hlt/{z}/{x}/{y}.mvt- Chave de observação
nis:IDX.HLT.security.health_security_risk:{ISO3}:{YEAR}:A
Series that read this index
Crosswalks and validity checks
Crosswalks map leaf indicators to source code lists; established indices are used for validity checks, never re-weighted as inputs.
| Code system | Leaf indicators mapped |
|---|---|
WHO_GHO | 22 |
WB_WDI | 18 |
SDG | 17 |
SPAR | 4 |
JEE | 4 |
FAO_FAOSTAT | 3 |
Platforms, standards and ways to take part
Field and service platforms of GCRI, GRF and GRA, the Nexus Risk Standards for this domain, learning, working groups and open calls. Every link is a live page.
Em todo o Nexus
Health Nexus · GCRI Biotechnology and Biosecurity · Health Nexus and Biosecurity Governance · Insurance Nexus.
Citar e reutilizar
See this index in every country profile
Each profile shows this index with its interval and class once released.
Situação
A metodologia, a estrutura e as definições do The Global Risks Index constituem um projeto de trabalho preparatório (2026), divulgado para revisão e comentários e não para implementação. Nenhum valor aparece até que uma edição seja publicada a partir de um corte de evidências governado; os valores passam então a ter intervalos, classes, fontes e o respectivo percurso de correção. Os simuladores executam os métodos publicados sobre números que você escolhe e nunca mostram um valor do NXS-GRX.
O que o NXS-GRX não é
O NXS-GRX é informação de pesquisa e de análise de risco. Não é rating de crédito ou ESG e não usa escala de rating, não é referência para instrumentos financeiros, não é estatística oficial, não é alerta de emergência nem classificação oficial e não é aconselhamento. Não deve ser usado para avaliar pessoas físicas. As classes de risco são faixas em uma escala publicada, nunca classificações de países ou pessoas.
Instituições e fontes
The Nexus Consortium is stewarded by three independent not-for-profit institutions: The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), through GCRI US in Washington, DC and GCRI Canada in Ontario, with GCRI Canada as Lead Institution, Consortium Secretariat and lead contracting organisation; The Global Risks Forum (GRF); and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA). Technology, infrastructure and service providers work with the Consortium at arm’s length under written agreements, like every other external party in the public-private-planet model, and hold no role in its stewardship.
Cada valor inclui a atribuição das suas fontes, que mantêm as suas próprias licenças. Os nomes externos são citados apenas para fins de interoperabilidade. Os textos de autoria da Nexus destinam-se a ser publicados sob CC BY 4.0.
Avis en français
La méthodologie et les définitions du NXS-GRX sont un projet de travail préparatoire (2026). Le NXS-GRX est une information de recherche et d’analyse des risques : ni notation, ni indice de référence financier, ni statistique officielle, ni alerte, ni conseil. Les classes de risque sont des bandes sur une échelle publiée, non des classements.