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NXS-GRX-TUR · Western Asia

Türkiye

Country risk profile on The Global Risks Index: hazard and threat exposure, vulnerability, macro-financial fragility, coping capacity and systemic coupling, with intervals, sources and corrections on every value.

Pagina GRX-TUREdizione Edizione di base 2026Chiusura delle evidenze 2026-09-30ISO TUR / TRStato UN member stateValori non ancora pubblicatoMetodo v1.0.0-draft
FIGURA 1 · Türkiye in Western Asia
Caricamento della mappa
KazakistanUzbekistanIndonesiaRepubblica Democratica del CongoSomaliaKenyaSudanCiadFederazione RussaNorvegiaFranciaSenegalMaliMauritaniaBeninNigerNigeriaCamerunTogoGhanaCôte d’IvoireGuineaGuinea-BissauLiberiaSierra LeoneBurkina FasoRepubblica CentrafricanaCongoGabonGuinea EquatorialeIsraeleLibanoStato di PalestinaGambiaTunisiaAlgeriaGiordaniaEmirati Arabi UnitiQatarKuwaitIraqOmanCambogiaThailandiaLao People’s Democratic RepublicMyanmarVietnamDemocratic People’s Republic of KoreaMongoliaIndiaBangladeshBhutanNepalPakistanAfghanistanTagikistanKirghizistanTurkmenistanIran (Repubblica islamica dell')Repubblica araba sirianaArmeniaSveziaBielorussiaUcrainaPoloniaAustriaUngheriaRepubblica di MoldovaRomaniaLituaniaLettoniaEstoniaGermaniaBulgariaGreciaTürkiyeAlbaniaCroaziaSvizzeraLussemburgoBelgioPaesi BassiPortogalloSpagnaIrlandaSri LankaCinaItaliaDanimarcaRegno UnitoAzerbaigianGeorgiaMalesiaSloveniaSlovacchiaCechiaEritreaYemenArabia SauditaCiproMaroccoEgittoLibiaEtiopiaGibutiUgandaBosnia ed ErzegovinaMacedonia del NordSerbiaMontenegroSud SudanAndorraBahreinCapo VerdeLiechtensteinMonacoMaldiveMaltaSingaporeSan MarinoSão Tomé e PríncipeSanta Sede
Equal Earth · Natural Earth 1:110m · locatorValori al rilascio
Select a neighbouring profile to open it. Boundaries are shown at 1:110m for location only and take no position on any boundary or status.
20
indici di dominio
443
country indicators
14
hazard domains
17
sub-regional peers
02Humanitarian data

Türkiye in humanitarian data

Source observations from the Humanitarian Data Exchange, each with its reference date, provider and licence. They are not index values.

Refugees hosted · 2025-12-31

2,488,290

refugees and asylum-seekers in the country. UNHCR – The UN Refugee Agency · Creative Commons Attribution for Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY-IGO).

Refugees from the country · 2025-12-31

271,843

refugees and asylum-seekers abroad, most in Germany, France, United States of America. UNHCR – The UN Refugee Agency · Creative Commons Attribution for Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY-IGO).

Humanitarian funding · 2025-12-31

US$ 47 m

received against US$ 741 m required. OCHA Financial Tracking System (FTS) · Creative Commons Attribution for Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY-IGO).

Rainfall

911 units

with rainfall against the long-term average, on the unit pages. WFP – World Food Programme · Creative Commons Attribution International (CC BY).

Food prices · 2026-01-14

5 markets

Bread (common): 6.08 TRY per KG. WFP – World Food Programme · Creative Commons Attribution for Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY-IGO).

03Aree

The full profile of Türkiye, area by area

Fourteen areas from macroeconomy to frontier technology, and the planned innovation index. Each card says whether its sources are cleared, shows the mix, and gives two actions: what the area needs, and a scenario you can run now on open data.

Come leggereAdmitted: usableUnder legal review: waitingProhibited: excludedNot in the register: not yet assessedAcross the 14 areas: 113 admitted · 63 under legal review · 23 prohibited · 170 not in the register
Partly admitted14 indicators · 2 composites

Macroeconomy and external position

Output, prices, external balance and reserves, monetary conditions and labour, with intervals and the change since the last edition.

GDP
US$ 1.60 trillion 2025
GDP per person
US$ 18,599 2025
GDP growth
3.6% 2025
4 admitted · 4 under legal review · 1 not in the register
Partly admitted37 indicators · 7 composites

Fiscal position and public debt

Debt path fan charts, gross financing needs, debt service and fiscal stress, with the assumptions published.

Government revenue
31.5% 2024
Government expense
33% 2023
Central government debt
25.5% 2024
7 admitted · 13 under legal review · 8 not in the register
Partly admitted32 indicators · 7 composites

Financial system

Banking-system capital and liquidity, credit growth, asset prices and contagion on the dependency network.

Domestic credit from the financial sector
60.1% 2025
Non-performing loans
1.6% 2024
Bank capital to assets
6.7% 2024
9 admitted · 4 under legal review · 1 prohibited · 8 not in the register
Partly admitted18 indicators · 5 composites

Trade, economic structure and supply chains

Trade openness and concentration, commodity dependence and supply-chain exposure by sector.

Commercio
49.9% 2025
Esportazioni
24.9% 2025
Fuel exports
5.4% 2025
8 admitted · 6 under legal review · 5 not in the register
Partly admitted13 indicators · 5 composites

L'acqua

Water stress, drought, access and quality, coupled to food, energy and health in the water, energy, food, health and biodiversity nexus.

Stress idrico
47.9% 2022
Renewable internal freshwater per person
2,671 m³ 2022
3 admitted · 2 under legal review · 2 prohibited · 4 not in the register
Partly admitted23 indicators · 6 composites

Energia

Supply security, import dependence, grid reliability, transition exposure and access.

Access to electricity
100% 2024
Renewable energy
12% 2021
Energy imports, net
70.1% 2024
7 admitted · 5 under legal review · 1 prohibited · 18 not in the register
Partly admitted23 indicators · 6 composites

Food systems

Availability, access, prices and nutrition, and the drivers from water, energy, trade and conflict.

Undernourishment
2.5% 2024
Cereal yield
3,429 2024
Stunting, under 5
6% 2018
14 admitted · 4 under legal review · 2 not in the register
Partly admitted31 indicators · 6 composites

Sicurezza sanitaria

Health-system capacity, outbreak preparedness, disease burden and the health effects of other systems.

Life expectancy
77.4 years 2024
Under-5 mortality
9.6 2024
Health spending
4.3% 2023
4 admitted · 2 under legal review · 15 prohibited · 8 not in the register
Partly admitted22 indicators · 6 composites

Environment and biodiversity

Ecosystem condition, biodiversity pressure, land and ocean change and nature dependence of the economy.

Forest area
29.5% 2024
Protected areas
5.7% 2025
PM2.5 air pollution
26.4 µg/m³ 2023
9 admitted · 5 under legal review · 1 prohibited · 22 not in the register
Partly admitted31 indicators · 8 composites

Climate: physical and transition

Chronic and acute physical risk under scenarios, and transition exposure of the economy and the public balance sheet.

CO₂ emissions per person
5.4 t CO₂e 2024
Greenhouse gas emissions
579.5 Mt CO₂e 2024
People below 5 m elevation
2.6% 2015
10 admitted · 7 under legal review · 24 not in the register
Partly admitted39 indicators · 10 composites

Conflict, governance and security

Violence and its spillovers, institutional quality, rule of law and state capacity.

Intentional homicides
3.2 2023
9 admitted · 4 under legal review · 1 prohibited · 14 not in the register
Partly admitted27 indicators · 10 composites

Frontier technology and innovation

Frontier technology risk and capacity side by side: AI, compute, semiconductors, quantum, space, biotech, cyber resilience and digital infrastructure, with the innovation index below.

Research and development spending
1.42% 2023
Researchers in R&D
2,645 2023
High-technology exports
5.1% 2024
9 admitted · 5 under legal review · 1 prohibited · 26 not in the register
Partly admitted18 indicators · 5 composites

Coping capacity and disaster finance

Preparedness, response and recovery capacity, risk financing and social protection.

Social protection coverage
37.2% 2019
9 admitted · 1 under legal review · 1 prohibited · 18 not in the register
Partly admitted46 indicators · 11 composites

Society, demography and mobility

Human development, inequality, ageing, urbanisation and displacement.

Popolazione
85.9 million 2025
Urban population
89.5% 2025
Poverty at $3.00 a day
0.2% 2023
11 admitted · 1 under legal review · 12 not in the register
Previsti12 planned indicators

Innovation index

Research, patents, talent, compute, digital infrastructure and capital for Türkiye, read beside frontier technology risk. Not in Indicator Standard yet; each indicator needs its source admitted.

04Quote

Türkiye composite risk

Value, change since the previous edition, 90% interval and class probability; the history and the published indicators follow.

NXS-GRX-TUR · CRI · Western Asia · 0–10 scale
Türkiye composite risk
–
Values publish with the edition; the interval, class and change appear here.
Previous edition
–
Range since 2016
–
Coupled composite
–
Coupling score S
–
Pulse, latest week
–
Outlook, 12 months
–
Metodo
Indicator Standard 1.0 · NXS-GRX 2026
Draws
1,000
Türkiye composite risk, by edition

No released values yet. The first edition draws the history here with its interval band and class bounds.

The line is the point value by edition; the band is the 90% interval; dashed lines are the class bounds at 2, 3.5, 5 and 6.5.

“Türkiye: published indicators” is not connected: the Foundry connection it needs is switched off on this network.

05Profile

Four pillars, composite and coupled composite

The composite is shown only with its four pillars and twenty domain indices beside it; each value carries a 90% interval and a class with its probability.

StrumentoValoreVariazioneVariazione %Intervallo al 90%Classe · probabilitàTendenzaIntervallo
NXS-GRX Rischio compositoNXS-GRX-TUR · CRI–––––
NXS-GRX Rischio accoppiatoNXS-GRX-TUR · CPL–––––
Esposizione a pericoli e minacceNXS-GRX-TUR · HTE–––––
Vulnerabilità umana e dei sistemiNXS-GRX-TUR · VUL–––––
Fragilità macrofinanziaria e strutturaleNXS-GRX-TUR · MSF–––––
Mancanza di capacità di risposta e di adattamentoNXS-GRX-TUR · LCC–––––
Molto bassada 0.0 a < 2.0
Bassoda 2.0 a < 3.5
Medioda 3.5 a < 5.0
Altoda 5.0 a < 6.5
Molto altoda 6.5 a 10.0
07Accoppiamento

How Türkiye is coupled to the world

Not yet estimated. Coupling strengths through trade and inputs, finance and debt, energy, food trade, infrastructure and information are ◆ ESTIMATED per edition with their method and references; the coupled composite is reported beside the standalone one.
09Peers

Profiles in Western Asia

A peer group is a reading context, not a ranking; profiles are listed by name.

Explore Türkiye

Indices, hazards, the map and the data behind every value.

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